Zipformer recipe for CommonVoice (#1546)

* added scripts for char-based lang prep training scripts

* added `Zipformer` recipe for commonvoice

---------

Co-authored-by: Fangjun Kuang <csukuangfj@gmail.com>

egs/commonvoice/ASR/RESULTS.md

@@ -1,5 +1,74 @@
 ## Results
-### GigaSpeech BPE training results (Pruned Stateless Transducer 7)
+
+### Commonvoice Cantonese (zh-HK) Char training results (Zipformer)
+
+See #1546 for more details.
+
+Number of model parameters:  72526519, i.e., 72.53 M
+
+The best CER, for CommonVoice 16.1 (cv-corpus-16.1-2023-12-06/zh-HK) is below:
+
+|                      |  Dev  | Test |        Note        |
+|----------------------|-------|------|--------------------|
+|    greedy_search     | 1.17  | 1.22 | --epoch 24 --avg 5 |
+| modified_beam_search | 0.98  | 1.11 | --epoch 24 --avg 5 |
+|   fast_beam_search   | 1.08  | 1.27 | --epoch 24 --avg 5 |
+
+When doing the cross-corpus validation on [MDCC](https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.02419) (w/o blank penalty),
+the best CER is below:
+
+|                      |  Dev  | Test |        Note        |
+|----------------------|-------|------|--------------------|
+|    greedy_search     | 42.40 | 42.03| --epoch 24 --avg 5 |
+| modified_beam_search | 39.73 | 39.19| --epoch 24 --avg 5 |
+|   fast_beam_search   | 42.14 | 41.98| --epoch 24 --avg 5 |
+
+When doing the cross-corpus validation on [MDCC](https://arxiv.org/abs/2201.02419) (with blank penalty set to 2.2),
+the best CER is below:
+
+|                      |  Dev  | Test |                  Note                  |
+|----------------------|-------|------|----------------------------------------|
+|    greedy_search     | 39.19 | 39.09| --epoch 24 --avg 5 --blank-penalty 2.2 |
+| modified_beam_search | 37.73 | 37.65| --epoch 24 --avg 5 --blank-penalty 2.2 |
+|   fast_beam_search   | 37.73 | 37.74| --epoch 24 --avg 5 --blank-penalty 2.2 |
+
+To reproduce the above result, use the following commands for training:
+
+```bash
+export CUDA_VISIBLE_DEVICES="0,1"
+./zipformer/train_char.py \
+  --world-size 2 \
+  --num-epochs 30 \
+  --start-epoch 1 \ 
+  --use-fp16 1 \
+  --exp-dir zipformer/exp \
+  --cv-manifest-dir data/zh-HK/fbank \
+  --language zh-HK \
+  --use-validated-set 1 \
+  --context-size 1 \
+  --max-duration 1000
+```
+
+and the following commands for decoding:
+
+```bash
+for method in greedy_search modified_beam_search fast_beam_search; do
+  ./zipformer/decode_char.py \
+    --epoch 24 \
+    --avg 5 \
+    --decoding-method $method \
+    --exp-dir zipformer/exp \
+    --cv-manifest-dir data/zh-HK/fbank \
+    --context-size 1 \
+    --language zh-HK 
+done
+```
+
+Detailed experimental results and pre-trained model are available at:
+<https://huggingface.co/zrjin/icefall-asr-commonvoice-zh-HK-zipformer-2024-03-20>
+
+
+### CommonVoice English (en) BPE training results (Pruned Stateless Transducer 7)
 
 #### [pruned_transducer_stateless7](./pruned_transducer_stateless7)
 
@@ -7,14 +76,16 @@ See #997  for more details.
 
 Number of model parameters: 70369391, i.e., 70.37 M
 
+Note that the result is obtained using GigaSpeech transcript trained BPE model
+
 The best WER, as of 2023-04-17, for Common Voice English 13.0 (cv-corpus-13.0-2023-03-09/en) is below:
 
 Results are:
 
 |                      |  Dev  | Test  |
 |----------------------|-------|-------|
-|    greedy search     | 9.96  | 12.54 |
+|    greedy_search     | 9.96  | 12.54 |
-| modified beam search | 9.86  | 12.48 |
+| modified_beam_search | 9.86  | 12.48 |
 
 To reproduce the above result, use the following commands for training:
 
@@ -55,10 +126,6 @@ and the following commands for decoding:
 Pretrained model is available at
 <https://huggingface.co/yfyeung/icefall-asr-cv-corpus-13.0-2023-03-09-en-pruned-transducer-stateless7-2023-04-17>
 
-The tensorboard log for training is available at
-<https://tensorboard.dev/experiment/j4pJQty6RMOkMJtRySREKw/>
-
-
 ### Commonvoice (fr) BPE training results (Pruned Stateless Transducer 7_streaming)
 
 #### [pruned_transducer_stateless7_streaming](./pruned_transducer_stateless7_streaming)
@@ -73,9 +140,9 @@ Results are:
 
 |    decoding method   | Test  |
 |----------------------|-------|
-|    greedy search     | 9.95  | 
+|    greedy_search     | 9.95  | 
-| modified beam search | 9.57  |
+| modified_beam_search | 9.57  |
-|   fast beam search   | 9.67  |
+|   fast_beam_search   | 9.67  |
 
 Note: This best result is trained on the full librispeech and gigaspeech, and then fine-tuned on the full commonvoice.
 

egs/commonvoice/ASR/local/compute_fbank_commonvoice_splits.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
-# Copyright    2023  Xiaomi Corp.             (Yifan Yang)
+# Copyright    2023-2024  Xiaomi Corp.             (Yifan Yang,
+#                                                   Zengrui Jin,)
 #
 # See ../../../../LICENSE for clarification regarding multiple authors
 #
@@ -17,7 +18,6 @@
 
 import argparse
 import logging
-from datetime import datetime
 from pathlib import Path
 
 import torch
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ from lhotse import (
     set_caching_enabled,
 )
 
+from icefall.utils import str2bool
+
 # Torch's multithreaded behavior needs to be disabled or
 # it wastes a lot of CPU and slow things down.
 # Do this outside of main() in case it needs to take effect
@@ -41,6 +43,14 @@ torch.set_num_interop_threads(1)
 def get_args():
     parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
 
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--subset",
+        type=str,
+        default="train",
+        choices=["train", "validated", "invalidated"],
+        help="""Dataset parts to compute fbank. """,
+    )
+
     parser.add_argument(
         "--language",
         type=str,
@@ -66,28 +76,35 @@ def get_args():
         "--num-splits",
         type=int,
         required=True,
-        help="The number of splits of the train subset",
+        help="The number of splits of the subset",
     )
 
     parser.add_argument(
         "--start",
         type=int,
         default=0,
-        help="Process pieces starting from this number (inclusive).",
+        help="Process pieces starting from this number (included).",
     )
 
     parser.add_argument(
         "--stop",
         type=int,
         default=-1,
-        help="Stop processing pieces until this number (exclusive).",
+        help="Stop processing pieces until this number (excluded).",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--perturb-speed",
+        type=str2bool,
+        default=False,
+        help="""Perturb speed with factor 0.9 and 1.1 on train subset.""",
     )
 
     return parser.parse_args()
 
 
 def compute_fbank_commonvoice_splits(args):
-    subset = "train"
+    subset = args.subset
     num_splits = args.num_splits
     language = args.language
     output_dir = f"data/{language}/fbank/cv-{language}_{subset}_split_{num_splits}"
@@ -130,6 +147,10 @@ def compute_fbank_commonvoice_splits(args):
             keep_overlapping=False, min_duration=None
         )
 
+        if args.perturb_speed:
+            logging.info(f"Doing speed perturb")
+            cut_set = cut_set + cut_set.perturb_speed(0.9) + cut_set.perturb_speed(1.1)
+
         logging.info("Computing features")
         cut_set = cut_set.compute_and_store_features_batch(
             extractor=extractor,

egs/commonvoice/ASR/local/prepare_char.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../aishell/ASR/local/prepare_char.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/local/prepare_lang.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/local/prepare_lang.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/local/prepare_lang_fst.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/local/prepare_lang_fst.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/local/preprocess_commonvoice.py

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ import re
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Optional
 
-from lhotse import CutSet, SupervisionSegment
+from lhotse import CutSet
 from lhotse.recipes.utils import read_manifests_if_cached
 
 
@@ -52,14 +52,20 @@ def normalize_text(utt: str, language: str) -> str:
         return re.sub(r"[^A-ZÀÂÆÇÉÈÊËÎÏÔŒÙÛÜ' ]", "", utt).upper()
     elif language == "pl":
         return re.sub(r"[^a-ząćęłńóśźżA-ZĄĆĘŁŃÓŚŹŻ' ]", "", utt).upper()
-    elif language == "yue":
+    elif language in ["yue", "zh-HK"]:
-        return (
+        # Mozilla Common Voice uses both "yue" and "zh-HK" for Cantonese
-            utt.replace(" ", "")
+        # Not sure why they decided to do this...
-            .replace("，", "")
+        # None en/zh-yue tokens are manually removed here
-            .replace("。", " ")
+
-            .replace("？", "")
+        # fmt: off
-            .replace("！", "")
+        tokens_to_remove = ["，", "。", "？", "！", "?", "!", "‘", "、", ",", "\.", ":", ";", "「", "」", "“", "”", "~", "—", "ㄧ", "《", "》", "…", "⋯", "·", "﹒", "．", "：", "︰", "﹖", "（", "）", "－", "～", "；", "", "⠀", "﹔", "／", "Ａ", "Ｂ", "–", "‧"]
-            .replace("?", "")
+
+        # fmt: on
+        utt = utt.upper().replace("\\", "")
+        return re.sub(
+            pattern="|".join([f"[{token}]" for token in tokens_to_remove]),
+            repl="",
+            string=utt,
         )
     else:
         raise NotImplementedError(
@@ -130,6 +136,28 @@ def preprocess_commonvoice(
             supervisions=m["supervisions"],
         ).resample(16000)
 
+        if partition == "validated":
+            logging.warning(
+                """
+                The 'validated' partition contains the data of both 'train', 'dev' 
+                and 'test' partitions. We filter out the 'dev' and 'test' partition
+                here.
+                """
+            )
+            dev_ids = src_dir / f"cv-{language}_dev_ids"
+            test_ids = src_dir / f"cv-{language}_test_ids"
+            assert (
+                dev_ids.is_file()
+            ), f"{dev_ids} does not exist, please check stage 1 of the prepare.sh"
+            assert (
+                test_ids.is_file()
+            ), f"{test_ids} does not exist, please check stage 1 of the prepare.sh"
+            dev_ids = dev_ids.read_text().strip().split("\n")
+            test_ids = test_ids.read_text().strip().split("\n")
+            cut_set = cut_set.filter(
+                lambda x: x.supervisions[0].id not in dev_ids + test_ids
+            )
+
         # Run data augmentation that needs to be done in the
         # time domain.
         logging.info(f"Saving to {raw_cuts_path}")

egs/commonvoice/ASR/local/word_segment_yue.py

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# Copyright    2024  Xiaomi Corp.        (authors: Zengrui Jin)
+#
+# See ../../../../LICENSE for clarification regarding multiple authors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""
+This script takes a text file "data/lang_char/text" as input, the file consist of
+lines each containing a transcript, applies text norm and generates the following
+files in the directory "data/lang_char":
+    - transcript_words.txt
+    - words.txt
+    - words_no_ids.txt
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import logging
+import re
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import List
+
+import pycantonese
+from preprocess_commonvoice import normalize_text
+from tqdm.auto import tqdm
+
+from icefall.utils import is_cjk, tokenize_by_CJK_char
+
+
+def get_parser():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        description="Prepare char lexicon",
+        formatter_class=argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter,
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--input-file",
+        "-i",
+        default="data/yue/lang_char/text",
+        type=str,
+        help="The input text file",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--output-dir",
+        "-o",
+        default="data/yue/lang_char/",
+        type=str,
+        help="The output directory",
+    )
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--lang",
+        "-l",
+        default="yue",
+        type=str,
+        help="The language",
+    )
+    return parser
+
+
+def get_word_segments(lines: List[str]) -> List[str]:
+    # the current pycantonese segmenter does not handle the case when the input
+    # is code switching, so we need to handle it separately
+
+    new_lines = []
+
+    for line in tqdm(lines, desc="Segmenting lines"):
+        try:
+            if is_cs(line):  # code switching
+                segments = []
+                curr_str = ""
+                for segment in tokenize_by_CJK_char(line).split(" "):
+                    if segment.strip() == "":
+                        continue
+                    try:
+                        if not is_cjk(segment[0]):  # en segment
+                            if curr_str:
+                                segments.extend(pycantonese.segment(curr_str))
+                                curr_str = ""
+                            segments.append(segment)
+                        else:  # zh segment
+                            curr_str += segment
+                            # segments.extend(pycantonese.segment(segment))
+                    except Exception as e:
+                        logging.error(f"Failed to process segment: {segment}")
+                        raise
+                if curr_str:  # process the last segment
+                    segments.extend(pycantonese.segment(curr_str))
+                new_lines.append(" ".join(segments) + "\n")
+            else:  # not code switching
+                new_lines.append(" ".join(pycantonese.segment(line)) + "\n")
+        except Exception as e:
+            logging.error(f"Failed to process line: {line}")
+            raise e
+    return new_lines
+
+
+def get_words(lines: List[str]) -> List[str]:
+    words = set()
+    for line in tqdm(lines, desc="Getting words"):
+        words.update(line.strip().split(" "))
+    return list(words)
+
+
+def is_cs(line: str) -> bool:
+    english_markers = r"[a-zA-Z]+"
+    return bool(re.search(english_markers, line))
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    parser = get_parser()
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    input_file = Path(args.input_file)
+    output_dir = Path(args.output_dir)
+    lang = args.lang
+
+    assert input_file.is_file(), f"{input_file} does not exist"
+    assert output_dir.is_dir(), f"{output_dir} does not exist"
+
+    lines = input_file.read_text(encoding="utf-8").strip().split("\n")
+    norm_lines = [normalize_text(line, lang) for line in lines]
+
+    text_words_segments = get_word_segments(norm_lines)
+    with open(output_dir / "transcript_words.txt", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        f.writelines(text_words_segments)
+
+    words = get_words(text_words_segments)[1:]  # remove "\n" from words
+    with open(output_dir / "words_no_ids.txt", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        f.writelines([word + "\n" for word in sorted(words)])
+
+    words = (
+        ["<eps>", "!SIL", "<SPOKEN_NOISE>", "<UNK>"]
+        + sorted(words)
+        + ["#0", "<s>", "<\s>"]
+    )
+
+    with open(output_dir / "words.txt", "w", encoding="utf-8") as f:
+        f.writelines([f"{word} {i}\n" for i, word in enumerate(words)])

egs/commonvoice/ASR/prepare.sh

@@ -10,6 +10,12 @@ stop_stage=100
 # This is to avoid OOM during feature extraction.
 num_splits=1000
 
+# In case you want to use all validated data
+use_validated=false
+
+# In case you are willing to take the risk and use invalidated data
+use_invalidated=false
+
 # We assume dl_dir (download dir) contains the following
 # directories and files. If not, they will be downloaded
 # by this script automatically.
@@ -38,6 +44,7 @@ num_splits=1000
 dl_dir=$PWD/download
 release=cv-corpus-12.0-2022-12-07
 lang=fr
+perturb_speed=false
 
 . shared/parse_options.sh || exit 1
 
@@ -100,8 +107,40 @@ if [ $stage -le 1 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 1 ]; then
   mkdir -p data/${lang}/manifests
   if [ ! -e data/${lang}/manifests/.cv-${lang}.done ]; then
     lhotse prepare commonvoice --language $lang -j $nj $dl_dir/$release data/${lang}/manifests
+    
+    if [ $use_validated = true ] && [ ! -f data/${lang}/manifests/.cv-${lang}.validated.done ]; then
+      log "Also prepare validated data"
+      lhotse prepare commonvoice \
+        --split validated \
+        --language $lang \
+        -j $nj $dl_dir/$release data/${lang}/manifests
+      touch data/${lang}/manifests/.cv-${lang}.validated.done
+    fi
+
+    if [ $use_invalidated = true ] && [ ! -f data/${lang}/manifests/.cv-${lang}.invalidated.done ]; then
+      log "Also prepare invalidated data"
+      lhotse prepare commonvoice \
+        --split invalidated \
+        --language $lang \
+        -j $nj $dl_dir/$release data/${lang}/manifests
+      touch data/${lang}/manifests/.cv-${lang}.invalidated.done
+    fi
+    
     touch data/${lang}/manifests/.cv-${lang}.done
   fi
+
+  # Note: in Linux, you can install jq with the following command:
+  # 1. wget -O jq https://github.com/stedolan/jq/releases/download/jq-1.6/jq-linux64
+  # 2. chmod +x ./jq
+  # 3. cp jq /usr/bin
+  if [ $use_validated = true ]; then
+    log "Getting cut ids from dev/test sets for later use"
+    gunzip -c data/${lang}/manifests/cv-${lang}_supervisions_test.jsonl.gz \
+      | jq '.id' | sed 's/"//g' > data/${lang}/manifests/cv-${lang}_test_ids
+    
+    gunzip -c data/${lang}/manifests/cv-${lang}_supervisions_dev.jsonl.gz \
+      | jq '.id' | sed 's/"//g' > data/${lang}/manifests/cv-${lang}_dev_ids
+  fi
 fi
 
 if [ $stage -le 2 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 2 ]; then
@@ -121,6 +160,18 @@ if [ $stage -le 3 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 3 ]; then
     ./local/preprocess_commonvoice.py  --language $lang
     touch data/${lang}/fbank/.preprocess_complete
   fi
+  
+  if [ $use_validated = true ] && [ ! -f data/${lang}/fbank/.validated.preprocess_complete ]; then
+    log "Also preprocess validated data"
+    ./local/preprocess_commonvoice.py  --language $lang --dataset validated
+    touch data/${lang}/fbank/.validated.preprocess_complete
+  fi
+
+  if [ $use_invalidated = true ] && [ ! -f data/${lang}/fbank/.invalidated.preprocess_complete ]; then
+    log "Also preprocess invalidated data"
+    ./local/preprocess_commonvoice.py  --language $lang --dataset invalidated
+    touch data/${lang}/fbank/.invalidated.preprocess_complete
+  fi
 fi
 
 if [ $stage -le 4 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 4 ]; then
@@ -139,6 +190,20 @@ if [ $stage -le 5 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 5 ]; then
     lhotse split $num_splits ./data/${lang}/fbank/cv-${lang}_cuts_train_raw.jsonl.gz $split_dir
     touch $split_dir/.cv-${lang}_train_split.done
   fi
+
+  split_dir=data/${lang}/fbank/cv-${lang}_validated_split_${num_splits}
+  if [ $use_validated = true ] && [ ! -f $split_dir/.cv-${lang}_validated.done ]; then
+    log "Also split validated data"
+    lhotse split $num_splits ./data/${lang}/fbank/cv-${lang}_cuts_validated_raw.jsonl.gz $split_dir
+    touch $split_dir/.cv-${lang}_validated.done
+  fi
+
+  split_dir=data/${lang}/fbank/cv-${lang}_invalidated_split_${num_splits}
+  if [ $use_invalidated = true ] && [ ! -f $split_dir/.cv-${lang}_invalidated.done ]; then
+    log "Also split invalidated data"
+    lhotse split $num_splits ./data/${lang}/fbank/cv-${lang}_cuts_invalidated_raw.jsonl.gz $split_dir
+    touch $split_dir/.cv-${lang}_invalidated.done
+  fi
 fi
 
 if [ $stage -le 6 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 6 ]; then
@@ -149,9 +214,36 @@ if [ $stage -le 6 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 6 ]; then
       --batch-duration 200 \
       --start 0 \
       --num-splits $num_splits \
-      --language $lang
+      --language $lang \
+      --perturb-speed $perturb_speed
     touch data/${lang}/fbank/.cv-${lang}_train.done
   fi
+
+  if [ $use_validated = true ] && [ ! -f data/${lang}/fbank/.cv-${lang}_validated.done ]; then
+    log "Also compute features for validated data"
+    ./local/compute_fbank_commonvoice_splits.py \
+      --subset validated \
+      --num-workers $nj \
+      --batch-duration 200 \
+      --start 0 \
+      --num-splits $num_splits \
+      --language $lang \
+      --perturb-speed $perturb_speed
+    touch data/${lang}/fbank/.cv-${lang}_validated.done
+  fi
+
+  if [ $use_invalidated = true ] && [ ! -f data/${lang}/fbank/.cv-${lang}_invalidated.done ]; then
+    log "Also compute features for invalidated data"
+    ./local/compute_fbank_commonvoice_splits.py \
+      --subset invalidated \
+      --num-workers $nj \
+      --batch-duration 200 \
+      --start 0 \
+      --num-splits $num_splits \
+      --language $lang \
+      --perturb-speed $perturb_speed
+    touch data/${lang}/fbank/.cv-${lang}_invalidated.done
+  fi
 fi
 
 if [ $stage -le 7 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 7 ]; then
@@ -160,6 +252,20 @@ if [ $stage -le 7 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 7 ]; then
     pieces=$(find data/${lang}/fbank/cv-${lang}_train_split_${num_splits} -name "cv-${lang}_cuts_train.*.jsonl.gz")
     lhotse combine $pieces data/${lang}/fbank/cv-${lang}_cuts_train.jsonl.gz
   fi
+
+  if [ $use_validated = true ] && [ -f data/${lang}/fbank/.cv-${lang}_validated.done ]; then
+    log "Also combine features for validated data"
+    pieces=$(find data/${lang}/fbank/cv-${lang}_validated_split_${num_splits} -name "cv-${lang}_cuts_validated.*.jsonl.gz")
+    lhotse combine $pieces data/${lang}/fbank/cv-${lang}_cuts_validated.jsonl.gz
+    touch data/${lang}/fbank/.cv-${lang}_validated.done
+  fi
+
+  if [ $use_invalidated = true ] && [ -f data/${lang}/fbank/.cv-${lang}_invalidated.done ]; then
+    log "Also combine features for invalidated data"
+    pieces=$(find data/${lang}/fbank/cv-${lang}_invalidated_split_${num_splits} -name "cv-${lang}_cuts_invalidated.*.jsonl.gz")
+    lhotse combine $pieces data/${lang}/fbank/cv-${lang}_cuts_invalidated.jsonl.gz
+    touch data/${lang}/fbank/.cv-${lang}_invalidated.done
+  fi
 fi
 
 if [ $stage -le 8 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 8 ]; then
@@ -172,8 +278,52 @@ if [ $stage -le 8 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 8 ]; then
 fi
 
 if [ $stage -le 9 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 9 ]; then
-  log "Stage 9: Prepare BPE based lang"
+  if [ $lang == "yue" ] || [ $lang == "zh-TW" ] || [ $lang == "zh-CN" ] || [ $lang == "zh-HK" ]; then
+    log "Stage 9: Prepare Char based lang"
+    lang_dir=data/${lang}/lang_char/
+    mkdir -p $lang_dir
 
+    if [ ! -f $lang_dir/transcript_words.txt ]; then
+        log "Generate data for lang preparation"
+
+        # Prepare text.
+        # Note: in Linux, you can install jq with the following command:
+        # 1. wget -O jq https://github.com/stedolan/jq/releases/download/jq-1.6/jq-linux64
+        # 2. chmod +x ./jq
+        # 3. cp jq /usr/bin
+        if [ $use_validated = true ]; then
+          gunzip -c data/${lang}/manifests/cv-${lang}_supervisions_validated.jsonl.gz \
+            | jq '.text' | sed 's/"//g' >> $lang_dir/text
+        else
+          gunzip -c data/${lang}/manifests/cv-${lang}_supervisions_train.jsonl.gz \
+            | jq '.text' | sed 's/"//g' > $lang_dir/text
+        fi
+        
+        if [ $use_invalidated = true ]; then
+          gunzip -c data/${lang}/manifests/cv-${lang}_supervisions_invalidated.jsonl.gz \
+            | jq '.text' | sed 's/"//g' >> $lang_dir/text
+        fi
+
+        if [ $lang == "yue" ] || [ $lang == "zh-HK" ]; then
+          # Get words.txt and words_no_ids.txt
+          ./local/word_segment_yue.py \
+            --input-file $lang_dir/text \
+            --output-dir $lang_dir \
+            --lang $lang
+
+          mv $lang_dir/text $lang_dir/_text
+          cp $lang_dir/transcript_words.txt $lang_dir/text
+
+          if [ ! -f $lang_dir/tokens.txt ]; then
+            ./local/prepare_char.py --lang-dir $lang_dir
+          fi
+        else
+          log "word_segment_${lang}.py not implemented yet"
+          exit 1
+        fi
+      fi
+  else
+    log "Stage 9: Prepare BPE based lang"
     for vocab_size in ${vocab_sizes[@]}; do
       lang_dir=data/${lang}/lang_bpe_${vocab_size}
       mkdir -p $lang_dir
@@ -183,7 +333,13 @@ if [ $stage -le 9 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 9 ]; then
         file=$(
           find "data/${lang}/fbank/cv-${lang}_cuts_train.jsonl.gz"
         )
-      gunzip -c ${file} | awk -F '"' '{print $30}' > $lang_dir/transcript_words.txt
+        # Prepare text.
+        # Note: in Linux, you can install jq with the following command:
+        # 1. wget -O jq https://github.com/stedolan/jq/releases/download/jq-1.6/jq-linux64
+        # 2. chmod +x ./jq
+        # 3. cp jq /usr/bin
+        gunzip -c ${file} \
+          | jq '.text' | sed 's/"//g' > $lang_dir/transcript_words.txt
 
         # Ensure space only appears once
         sed -i 's/\t/ /g' $lang_dir/transcript_words.txt
@@ -249,6 +405,7 @@ if [ $stage -le 9 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 9 ]; then
           $lang_dir/L_disambig.fst
       fi
     done
+  fi
 fi
 
 if [ $stage -le 10 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 10 ]; then
@@ -256,6 +413,34 @@ if [ $stage -le 10 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 10 ]; then
   # We assume you have install kaldilm, if not, please install
   # it using: pip install kaldilm
 
+  if [ $lang == "yue" ] || [ $lang == "zh-TW" ] || [ $lang == "zh-CN" ] || [ $lang == "zh-HK" ]; then
+    lang_dir=data/${lang}/lang_char
+    mkdir -p $lang_dir/lm
+
+    for ngram in 3 ; do
+        if [ ! -f $lang_dir/lm/${ngram}-gram.unpruned.arpa ]; then
+          ./shared/make_kn_lm.py \
+            -ngram-order ${ngram} \
+            -text $lang_dir/transcript_words.txt \
+            -lm $lang_dir/lm/${ngram}gram.unpruned.arpa
+        fi
+
+        if [ ! -f $lang_dir/lm/G_${ngram}_gram_char.fst.txt ]; then
+          python3 -m kaldilm \
+            --read-symbol-table="$lang_dir/words.txt" \
+            --disambig-symbol='#0' \
+            --max-order=${ngram} \
+            $lang_dir/lm/${ngram}gram.unpruned.arpa \
+              > $lang_dir/lm/G_${ngram}_gram_char.fst.txt
+        fi
+
+        if [ ! -f $lang_dir/lm/HLG.fst ]; then
+          ./local/prepare_lang_fst.py \
+            --lang-dir $lang_dir \
+            --ngram-G $lang_dir/lm/G_${ngram}_gram_char.fst.txt
+        fi
+      done
+  else
     for vocab_size in ${vocab_sizes[@]}; do
       lang_dir=data/${lang}/lang_bpe_${vocab_size}
       mkdir -p $lang_dir/lm
@@ -277,11 +462,20 @@ if [ $stage -le 10 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 10 ]; then
         fi
       done
     done
+  fi
 fi
 
 if [ $stage -le 11 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 11 ]; then
   log "Stage 11: Compile HLG"
 
+  if [ $lang == "yue" ] || [ $lang == "zh-TW" ] || [ $lang == "zh-CN" ] || [ $lang == "zh-HK" ]; then
+    lang_dir=data/${lang}/lang_char
+    for ngram in 3 ; do
+      if [ ! -f $lang_dir/lm/HLG_${ngram}.fst ]; then
+        ./local/compile_hlg.py --lang-dir $lang_dir --lm G_${ngram}_gram_char
+      fi
+    done
+  else
     for vocab_size in ${vocab_sizes[@]}; do
       lang_dir=data/${lang}/lang_bpe_${vocab_size}
       ./local/compile_hlg.py --lang-dir $lang_dir
@@ -291,14 +485,24 @@ if [ $stage -le 11 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 11 ]; then
       #
       # ./local/compile_hlg_using_openfst.py --lang-dir $lang_dir
     done
+  fi
 fi
 
 # Compile LG for RNN-T fast_beam_search decoding
 if [ $stage -le 12 ] && [ $stop_stage -ge 12 ]; then
   log "Stage 12: Compile LG"
 
+  if [ $lang == "yue" ] || [ $lang == "zh-TW" ] || [ $lang == "zh-CN" ] || [ $lang == "zh-HK" ]; then
+    lang_dir=data/${lang}/lang_char
+    for ngram in 3 ; do
+      if [ ! -f $lang_dir/lm/LG_${ngram}.fst ]; then
+        ./local/compile_lg.py --lang-dir $lang_dir --lm G_${ngram}_gram_char
+      fi
+    done
+  else 
     for vocab_size in ${vocab_sizes[@]}; do
       lang_dir=data/${lang}/lang_bpe_${vocab_size}
       ./local/compile_lg.py --lang-dir $lang_dir
     done
+  fi
 fi

egs/commonvoice/ASR/pruned_transducer_stateless7/asr_datamodule.py

@@ -409,6 +409,22 @@ class CommonVoiceAsrDataModule:
             self.args.cv_manifest_dir / f"cv-{self.args.language}_cuts_train.jsonl.gz"
         )
 
+    @lru_cache()
+    def validated_cuts(self) -> CutSet:
+        logging.info("About to get validated cuts (with dev/test removed)")
+        return load_manifest_lazy(
+            self.args.cv_manifest_dir
+            / f"cv-{self.args.language}_cuts_validated.jsonl.gz"
+        )
+
+    @lru_cache()
+    def invalidated_cuts(self) -> CutSet:
+        logging.info("About to get invalidated cuts")
+        return load_manifest_lazy(
+            self.args.cv_manifest_dir
+            / f"cv-{self.args.language}_cuts_invalidated.jsonl.gz"
+        )
+
     @lru_cache()
     def dev_cuts(self) -> CutSet:
         logging.info("About to get dev cuts")

egs/commonvoice/ASR/pruned_transducer_stateless7/train.py

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
-# Copyright    2021-2022  Xiaomi Corp.        (authors: Fangjun Kuang,
+# Copyright    2021-2024  Xiaomi Corp.        (authors: Fangjun Kuang,
 #                                                       Wei Kang,
-#                                                       Mingshuang Luo,)
+#                                                       Mingshuang Luo,
-#                                                       Zengwei Yao)
+#                                                       Zengwei Yao,
+#                                                       Zengrui Jin,)
 #
 # See ../../../../LICENSE for clarification regarding multiple authors
 #
@@ -249,7 +250,29 @@ def get_parser():
     )
 
     parser.add_argument(
-        "--base-lr", type=float, default=0.05, help="The base learning rate."
+        "--use-validated-set",
+        type=str2bool,
+        default=False,
+        help="""Use the validated set for training.
+        This is useful when you want to use more data for training,
+        but not recommended for research purposes.
+        """,
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--use-invalidated-set",
+        type=str2bool,
+        default=False,
+        help="""Use the invalidated set for training.
+        In case you want to take the risk and utilize more data for training.
+        """,
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--base-lr",
+        type=float,
+        default=0.05,
+        help="The base learning rate.",
     )
 
     parser.add_argument(
@@ -1027,8 +1050,14 @@ def run(rank, world_size, args):
 
     commonvoice = CommonVoiceAsrDataModule(args)
 
+    if args.use_validated_set:
+        train_cuts = commonvoice.validated_cuts()
+    else:
         train_cuts = commonvoice.train_cuts()
 
+    if args.use_invalidated_set:
+        train_cuts += commonvoice.invalidated_cuts()
+
     def remove_short_and_long_utt(c: Cut):
         # Keep only utterances with duration between 1 second and 20 seconds
         #

egs/commonvoice/ASR/pruned_transducer_stateless7_streaming/asr_datamodule.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../pruned_transducer_stateless7/asr_datamodule.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/pruned_transducer_stateless7_streaming/commonvoice_fr.py

@@ -1,426 +0,0 @@
-# Copyright      2021  Piotr Żelasko
-# Copyright      2022  Xiaomi Corporation     (Author: Mingshuang Luo)
-#
-# See ../../../../LICENSE for clarification regarding multiple authors
-#
-# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-# You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-# limitations under the License.
-
-
-import argparse
-import inspect
-import logging
-from functools import lru_cache
-from pathlib import Path
-from typing import Any, Dict, Optional
-
-import torch
-from lhotse import CutSet, Fbank, FbankConfig, load_manifest, load_manifest_lazy
-from lhotse.dataset import (  # noqa F401 for PrecomputedFeatures
-    CutConcatenate,
-    CutMix,
-    DynamicBucketingSampler,
-    K2SpeechRecognitionDataset,
-    PrecomputedFeatures,
-    SimpleCutSampler,
-    SpecAugment,
-)
-from lhotse.dataset.input_strategies import (  # noqa F401 For AudioSamples
-    AudioSamples,
-    OnTheFlyFeatures,
-)
-from lhotse.utils import fix_random_seed
-from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
-
-from icefall.utils import str2bool
-
-
-class _SeedWorkers:
-    def __init__(self, seed: int):
-        self.seed = seed
-
-    def __call__(self, worker_id: int):
-        fix_random_seed(self.seed + worker_id)
-
-
-class CommonVoiceAsrDataModule:
-    """
-    DataModule for k2 ASR experiments.
-    It assumes there is always one train and valid dataloader,
-    but there can be multiple test dataloaders (e.g. LibriSpeech test-clean
-    and test-other).
-
-    It contains all the common data pipeline modules used in ASR
-    experiments, e.g.:
-    - dynamic batch size,
-    - bucketing samplers,
-    - cut concatenation,
-    - augmentation,
-    - on-the-fly feature extraction
-
-    This class should be derived for specific corpora used in ASR tasks.
-    """
-
-    def __init__(self, args: argparse.Namespace):
-        self.args = args
-
-    @classmethod
-    def add_arguments(cls, parser: argparse.ArgumentParser):
-        group = parser.add_argument_group(
-            title="ASR data related options",
-            description="These options are used for the preparation of "
-            "PyTorch DataLoaders from Lhotse CutSet's -- they control the "
-            "effective batch sizes, sampling strategies, applied data "
-            "augmentations, etc.",
-        )
-
-        group.add_argument(
-            "--language",
-            type=str,
-            default="fr",
-            help="""Language of Common Voice""",
-        )
-        group.add_argument(
-            "--cv-manifest-dir",
-            type=Path,
-            default=Path("data/fr/fbank"),
-            help="Path to directory with CommonVoice train/dev/test cuts.",
-        )
-        group.add_argument(
-            "--manifest-dir",
-            type=Path,
-            default=Path("data/fbank"),
-            help="Path to directory with train/valid/test cuts.",
-        )
-        group.add_argument(
-            "--max-duration",
-            type=int,
-            default=200.0,
-            help="Maximum pooled recordings duration (seconds) in a "
-            "single batch. You can reduce it if it causes CUDA OOM.",
-        )
-        group.add_argument(
-            "--bucketing-sampler",
-            type=str2bool,
-            default=True,
-            help="When enabled, the batches will come from buckets of "
-            "similar duration (saves padding frames).",
-        )
-        group.add_argument(
-            "--num-buckets",
-            type=int,
-            default=30,
-            help="The number of buckets for the DynamicBucketingSampler"
-            "(you might want to increase it for larger datasets).",
-        )
-        group.add_argument(
-            "--concatenate-cuts",
-            type=str2bool,
-            default=False,
-            help="When enabled, utterances (cuts) will be concatenated "
-            "to minimize the amount of padding.",
-        )
-        group.add_argument(
-            "--duration-factor",
-            type=float,
-            default=1.0,
-            help="Determines the maximum duration of a concatenated cut "
-            "relative to the duration of the longest cut in a batch.",
-        )
-        group.add_argument(
-            "--gap",
-            type=float,
-            default=1.0,
-            help="The amount of padding (in seconds) inserted between "
-            "concatenated cuts. This padding is filled with noise when "
-            "noise augmentation is used.",
-        )
-        group.add_argument(
-            "--on-the-fly-feats",
-            type=str2bool,
-            default=False,
-            help="When enabled, use on-the-fly cut mixing and feature "
-            "extraction. Will drop existing precomputed feature manifests "
-            "if available.",
-        )
-        group.add_argument(
-            "--shuffle",
-            type=str2bool,
-            default=True,
-            help="When enabled (=default), the examples will be "
-            "shuffled for each epoch.",
-        )
-        group.add_argument(
-            "--drop-last",
-            type=str2bool,
-            default=True,
-            help="Whether to drop last batch. Used by sampler.",
-        )
-        group.add_argument(
-            "--return-cuts",
-            type=str2bool,
-            default=True,
-            help="When enabled, each batch will have the "
-            "field: batch['supervisions']['cut'] with the cuts that "
-            "were used to construct it.",
-        )
-
-        group.add_argument(
-            "--num-workers",
-            type=int,
-            default=2,
-            help="The number of training dataloader workers that "
-            "collect the batches.",
-        )
-
-        group.add_argument(
-            "--enable-spec-aug",
-            type=str2bool,
-            default=True,
-            help="When enabled, use SpecAugment for training dataset.",
-        )
-
-        group.add_argument(
-            "--spec-aug-time-warp-factor",
-            type=int,
-            default=80,
-            help="Used only when --enable-spec-aug is True. "
-            "It specifies the factor for time warping in SpecAugment. "
-            "Larger values mean more warping. "
-            "A value less than 1 means to disable time warp.",
-        )
-
-        group.add_argument(
-            "--enable-musan",
-            type=str2bool,
-            default=True,
-            help="When enabled, select noise from MUSAN and mix it"
-            "with training dataset. ",
-        )
-
-        group.add_argument(
-            "--input-strategy",
-            type=str,
-            default="PrecomputedFeatures",
-            help="AudioSamples or PrecomputedFeatures",
-        )
-
-    def train_dataloaders(
-        self,
-        cuts_train: CutSet,
-        sampler_state_dict: Optional[Dict[str, Any]] = None,
-    ) -> DataLoader:
-        """
-        Args:
-          cuts_train:
-            CutSet for training.
-          sampler_state_dict:
-            The state dict for the training sampler.
-        """
-        transforms = []
-        if self.args.enable_musan:
-            logging.info("Enable MUSAN")
-            logging.info("About to get Musan cuts")
-            cuts_musan = load_manifest(self.args.manifest_dir / "musan_cuts.jsonl.gz")
-            transforms.append(
-                CutMix(cuts=cuts_musan, p=0.5, snr=(10, 20), preserve_id=True)
-            )
-        else:
-            logging.info("Disable MUSAN")
-
-        if self.args.concatenate_cuts:
-            logging.info(
-                f"Using cut concatenation with duration factor "
-                f"{self.args.duration_factor} and gap {self.args.gap}."
-            )
-            # Cut concatenation should be the first transform in the list,
-            # so that if we e.g. mix noise in, it will fill the gaps between
-            # different utterances.
-            transforms = [
-                CutConcatenate(
-                    duration_factor=self.args.duration_factor, gap=self.args.gap
-                )
-            ] + transforms
-
-        input_transforms = []
-        if self.args.enable_spec_aug:
-            logging.info("Enable SpecAugment")
-            logging.info(f"Time warp factor: {self.args.spec_aug_time_warp_factor}")
-            # Set the value of num_frame_masks according to Lhotse's version.
-            # In different Lhotse's versions, the default of num_frame_masks is
-            # different.
-            num_frame_masks = 10
-            num_frame_masks_parameter = inspect.signature(
-                SpecAugment.__init__
-            ).parameters["num_frame_masks"]
-            if num_frame_masks_parameter.default == 1:
-                num_frame_masks = 2
-            logging.info(f"Num frame mask: {num_frame_masks}")
-            input_transforms.append(
-                SpecAugment(
-                    time_warp_factor=self.args.spec_aug_time_warp_factor,
-                    num_frame_masks=num_frame_masks,
-                    features_mask_size=27,
-                    num_feature_masks=2,
-                    frames_mask_size=100,
-                )
-            )
-        else:
-            logging.info("Disable SpecAugment")
-
-        logging.info("About to create train dataset")
-        train = K2SpeechRecognitionDataset(
-            input_strategy=eval(self.args.input_strategy)(),
-            cut_transforms=transforms,
-            input_transforms=input_transforms,
-            return_cuts=self.args.return_cuts,
-        )
-
-        if self.args.on_the_fly_feats:
-            # NOTE: the PerturbSpeed transform should be added only if we
-            # remove it from data prep stage.
-            # Add on-the-fly speed perturbation; since originally it would
-            # have increased epoch size by 3, we will apply prob 2/3 and use
-            # 3x more epochs.
-            # Speed perturbation probably should come first before
-            # concatenation, but in principle the transforms order doesn't have
-            # to be strict (e.g. could be randomized)
-            # transforms = [PerturbSpeed(factors=[0.9, 1.1], p=2/3)] + transforms   # noqa
-            # Drop feats to be on the safe side.
-            train = K2SpeechRecognitionDataset(
-                cut_transforms=transforms,
-                input_strategy=OnTheFlyFeatures(Fbank(FbankConfig(num_mel_bins=80))),
-                input_transforms=input_transforms,
-                return_cuts=self.args.return_cuts,
-            )
-
-        if self.args.bucketing_sampler:
-            logging.info("Using DynamicBucketingSampler.")
-            train_sampler = DynamicBucketingSampler(
-                cuts_train,
-                max_duration=self.args.max_duration,
-                shuffle=self.args.shuffle,
-                num_buckets=self.args.num_buckets,
-                buffer_size=self.args.num_buckets * 2000,
-                shuffle_buffer_size=self.args.num_buckets * 5000,
-                drop_last=self.args.drop_last,
-            )
-        else:
-            logging.info("Using SimpleCutSampler.")
-            train_sampler = SimpleCutSampler(
-                cuts_train,
-                max_duration=self.args.max_duration,
-                shuffle=self.args.shuffle,
-            )
-        logging.info("About to create train dataloader")
-
-        if sampler_state_dict is not None:
-            logging.info("Loading sampler state dict")
-            train_sampler.load_state_dict(sampler_state_dict)
-
-        # 'seed' is derived from the current random state, which will have
-        # previously been set in the main process.
-        seed = torch.randint(0, 100000, ()).item()
-        worker_init_fn = _SeedWorkers(seed)
-
-        train_dl = DataLoader(
-            train,
-            sampler=train_sampler,
-            batch_size=None,
-            num_workers=self.args.num_workers,
-            persistent_workers=False,
-            worker_init_fn=worker_init_fn,
-        )
-
-        return train_dl
-
-    def valid_dataloaders(self, cuts_valid: CutSet) -> DataLoader:
-        transforms = []
-        if self.args.concatenate_cuts:
-            transforms = [
-                CutConcatenate(
-                    duration_factor=self.args.duration_factor, gap=self.args.gap
-                )
-            ] + transforms
-
-        logging.info("About to create dev dataset")
-        if self.args.on_the_fly_feats:
-            validate = K2SpeechRecognitionDataset(
-                cut_transforms=transforms,
-                input_strategy=OnTheFlyFeatures(Fbank(FbankConfig(num_mel_bins=80))),
-                return_cuts=self.args.return_cuts,
-            )
-        else:
-            validate = K2SpeechRecognitionDataset(
-                cut_transforms=transforms,
-                return_cuts=self.args.return_cuts,
-            )
-        valid_sampler = DynamicBucketingSampler(
-            cuts_valid,
-            max_duration=self.args.max_duration,
-            shuffle=False,
-        )
-        logging.info("About to create dev dataloader")
-        valid_dl = DataLoader(
-            validate,
-            sampler=valid_sampler,
-            batch_size=None,
-            num_workers=2,
-            persistent_workers=False,
-        )
-
-        return valid_dl
-
-    def test_dataloaders(self, cuts: CutSet) -> DataLoader:
-        logging.debug("About to create test dataset")
-        test = K2SpeechRecognitionDataset(
-            input_strategy=(
-                OnTheFlyFeatures(Fbank(FbankConfig(num_mel_bins=80)))
-                if self.args.on_the_fly_feats
-                else eval(self.args.input_strategy)()
-            ),
-            return_cuts=self.args.return_cuts,
-        )
-        sampler = DynamicBucketingSampler(
-            cuts,
-            max_duration=self.args.max_duration,
-            shuffle=False,
-        )
-        logging.debug("About to create test dataloader")
-        test_dl = DataLoader(
-            test,
-            batch_size=None,
-            sampler=sampler,
-            num_workers=self.args.num_workers,
-        )
-        return test_dl
-
-    @lru_cache()
-    def train_cuts(self) -> CutSet:
-        logging.info("About to get train cuts")
-        return load_manifest_lazy(
-            self.args.cv_manifest_dir / f"cv-{self.args.language}_cuts_train.jsonl.gz"
-        )
-
-    @lru_cache()
-    def dev_cuts(self) -> CutSet:
-        logging.info("About to get dev cuts")
-        return load_manifest_lazy(
-            self.args.cv_manifest_dir / f"cv-{self.args.language}_cuts_dev.jsonl.gz"
-        )
-
-    @lru_cache()
-    def test_cuts(self) -> CutSet:
-        logging.info("About to get test cuts")
-        return load_manifest_lazy(
-            self.args.cv_manifest_dir / f"cv-{self.args.language}_cuts_test.jsonl.gz"
-        )

egs/commonvoice/ASR/pruned_transducer_stateless7_streaming/decode.py

@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
 #
-# Copyright 2021-2022 Xiaomi Corporation (Author: Fangjun Kuang,
+# Copyright 2021-2024 Xiaomi Corporation (Author: Fangjun Kuang,
-#                                                 Zengwei Yao)
+#                                                 Zengwei Yao,
+#                                                 Zengrui Jin,)
 #
 # See ../../../../LICENSE for clarification regarding multiple authors
 #
@@ -112,6 +113,7 @@ import k2
 import sentencepiece as spm
 import torch
 import torch.nn as nn
+from asr_datamodule import CommonVoiceAsrDataModule
 from beam_search import (
     beam_search,
     fast_beam_search_nbest,
@@ -122,7 +124,6 @@ from beam_search import (
     greedy_search_batch,
     modified_beam_search,
 )
-from commonvoice_fr import CommonVoiceAsrDataModule
 from train import add_model_arguments, get_params, get_transducer_model
 
 from icefall.checkpoint import (

egs/commonvoice/ASR/pruned_transducer_stateless7_streaming/do_not_use_it_directly.py

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
-# Copyright    2021-2022  Xiaomi Corp.        (authors: Fangjun Kuang,
+# Copyright    2021-2024  Xiaomi Corp.        (authors: Fangjun Kuang,
 #                                                       Wei Kang,
 #                                                       Mingshuang Luo,)
-#                                                       Zengwei Yao)
+#                                                       Zengwei Yao,
+#                                                       Zengrui Jin,)
 #
 # See ../../../../LICENSE for clarification regarding multiple authors
 #
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ import sentencepiece as spm
 import torch
 import torch.multiprocessing as mp
 import torch.nn as nn
-from commonvoice_fr import CommonVoiceAsrDataModule
+from asr_datamodule import CommonVoiceAsrDataModule
 from decoder import Decoder
 from joiner import Joiner
 from lhotse.cut import Cut

egs/commonvoice/ASR/pruned_transducer_stateless7_streaming/finetune.py

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
-# Copyright    2021-2022  Xiaomi Corp.        (authors: Fangjun Kuang,
+# Copyright    2021-2024  Xiaomi Corp.        (authors: Fangjun Kuang,
 #                                                       Wei Kang,
-#                                                       Mingshuang Luo,)
+#                                                       Mingshuang Luo,
-#                                                       Zengwei Yao)
+#                                                       Zengwei Yao,
+#                                                       Zengrui Jin,)
 #
 # See ../../../../LICENSE for clarification regarding multiple authors
 #
@@ -58,7 +59,7 @@ import sentencepiece as spm
 import torch
 import torch.multiprocessing as mp
 import torch.nn as nn
-from commonvoice_fr import CommonVoiceAsrDataModule
+from asr_datamodule import CommonVoiceAsrDataModule
 from decoder import Decoder
 from joiner import Joiner
 from lhotse.cut import Cut

egs/commonvoice/ASR/pruned_transducer_stateless7_streaming/streaming_decode.py

@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
-# Copyright 2022 Xiaomi Corporation (Authors: Wei Kang, Fangjun Kuang)
+# Copyright 2022-2024 Xiaomi Corporation (Authors: Wei Kang,
+#                                                  Fangjun Kuang,
+#                                                  Zengrui Jin,)
 #
 # See ../../../../LICENSE for clarification regarding multiple authors
 #
@@ -37,7 +39,7 @@ import numpy as np
 import sentencepiece as spm
 import torch
 import torch.nn as nn
-from commonvoice_fr import CommonVoiceAsrDataModule
+from asr_datamodule import CommonVoiceAsrDataModule
 from decode_stream import DecodeStream
 from kaldifeat import Fbank, FbankOptions
 from lhotse import CutSet

egs/commonvoice/ASR/pruned_transducer_stateless7_streaming/train.py

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 #!/usr/bin/env python3
-# Copyright    2021-2022  Xiaomi Corp.        (authors: Fangjun Kuang,
+# Copyright    2021-2024  Xiaomi Corp.        (authors: Fangjun Kuang,
 #                                                       Wei Kang,
-#                                                       Mingshuang Luo,)
+#                                                       Mingshuang Luo,
-#                                                       Zengwei Yao)
+#                                                       Zengwei Yao,
+#                                                       Zengrui Jin,)
 #
 # See ../../../../LICENSE for clarification regarding multiple authors
 #
@@ -55,7 +56,7 @@ import sentencepiece as spm
 import torch
 import torch.multiprocessing as mp
 import torch.nn as nn
-from commonvoice_fr import CommonVoiceAsrDataModule
+from asr_datamodule import CommonVoiceAsrDataModule
 from decoder import Decoder
 from joiner import Joiner
 from lhotse.cut import Cut
@@ -265,7 +266,29 @@ def get_parser():
     )
 
     parser.add_argument(
-        "--base-lr", type=float, default=0.05, help="The base learning rate."
+        "--use-validated-set",
+        type=str2bool,
+        default=False,
+        help="""Use the validated set for training.
+        This is useful when you want to use more data for training,
+        but not recommended for research purposes.
+        """,
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--use-invalidated-set",
+        type=str2bool,
+        default=False,
+        help="""Use the invalidated set for training.
+        In case you want to take the risk and utilize more data for training.
+        """,
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--base-lr",
+        type=float,
+        default=0.05,
+        help="The base learning rate.",
     )
 
     parser.add_argument(
@@ -1044,7 +1067,13 @@ def run(rank, world_size, args):
 
     commonvoice = CommonVoiceAsrDataModule(args)
 
+    if not args.use_validated_set:
         train_cuts = commonvoice.train_cuts()
+    else:
+        train_cuts = commonvoice.validated_cuts()
+
+    if args.use_invalidated_set:
+        train_cuts += commonvoice.invalidated_cuts()
 
     def remove_short_and_long_utt(c: Cut):
         # Keep only utterances with duration between 1 second and 20 seconds

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/asr_datamodule.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../pruned_transducer_stateless7/asr_datamodule.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/beam_search.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/beam_search.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/decode_char.py

@@ -0,0 +1,813 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+#
+# Copyright 2021-2024 Xiaomi Corporation (Author: Fangjun Kuang,
+#                                                 Zengwei Yao
+#                                                 Mingshuang Luo,
+#                                                 Zengrui Jin,)
+#
+# See ../../../../LICENSE for clarification regarding multiple authors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+"""
+Usage:
+(1) greedy search
+./zipformer/decode.py \
+    --epoch 35 \
+    --avg 15 \
+    --exp-dir ./zipformer/exp \
+    --lang-dir data/zh-HK/lang_char \
+    --max-duration 600 \
+    --decoding-method greedy_search
+
+(2) modified beam search
+./zipformer/decode.py \
+    --epoch 35 \
+    --avg 15 \
+    --exp-dir ./zipformer/exp \
+    --lang-dir data/zh-HK/lang_char \
+    --max-duration 600 \
+    --decoding-method modified_beam_search \
+    --beam-size 4
+
+(3) fast beam search (trivial_graph)
+./zipformer/decode.py \
+    --epoch 35 \
+    --avg 15 \
+    --exp-dir ./zipformer/exp \
+    --lang-dir data/zh-HK/lang_char \
+    --max-duration 600 \
+    --decoding-method fast_beam_search \
+    --beam 20.0 \
+    --max-contexts 8 \
+    --max-states 64
+
+(4) fast beam search (LG)
+./zipformer/decode.py \
+    --epoch 30 \
+    --avg 15 \
+    --exp-dir ./zipformer/exp \
+    --lang-dir data/zh-HK/lang_char \
+    --max-duration 600 \
+    --decoding-method fast_beam_search_LG \
+    --beam 20.0 \
+    --max-contexts 8 \
+    --max-states 64
+
+(5) fast beam search (nbest oracle WER)
+./zipformer/decode.py \
+    --epoch 35 \
+    --avg 15 \
+    --exp-dir ./zipformer/exp \
+    --lang-dir data/zh-HK/lang_char \
+    --max-duration 600 \
+    --decoding-method fast_beam_search_nbest_oracle \
+    --beam 20.0 \
+    --max-contexts 8 \
+    --max-states 64 \
+    --num-paths 200 \
+    --nbest-scale 0.5
+"""
+
+
+import argparse
+import logging
+import math
+from collections import defaultdict
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+import k2
+import torch
+import torch.nn as nn
+from asr_datamodule import CommonVoiceAsrDataModule
+from beam_search import (
+    beam_search,
+    fast_beam_search_nbest_oracle,
+    fast_beam_search_one_best,
+    greedy_search,
+    greedy_search_batch,
+    modified_beam_search,
+)
+from lhotse.cut import Cut
+from train import add_model_arguments, get_model, get_params
+
+from icefall.char_graph_compiler import CharCtcTrainingGraphCompiler
+from icefall.checkpoint import (
+    average_checkpoints,
+    average_checkpoints_with_averaged_model,
+    find_checkpoints,
+    load_checkpoint,
+)
+from icefall.lexicon import Lexicon
+from icefall.utils import (
+    AttributeDict,
+    make_pad_mask,
+    setup_logger,
+    store_transcripts,
+    str2bool,
+    write_error_stats,
+)
+
+LOG_EPS = math.log(1e-10)
+
+
+def get_parser():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        formatter_class=argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--epoch",
+        type=int,
+        default=30,
+        help="""It specifies the checkpoint to use for decoding.
+        Note: Epoch counts from 1.
+        You can specify --avg to use more checkpoints for model averaging.""",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--iter",
+        type=int,
+        default=0,
+        help="""If positive, --epoch is ignored and it
+        will use the checkpoint exp_dir/checkpoint-iter.pt.
+        You can specify --avg to use more checkpoints for model averaging.
+        """,
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--avg",
+        type=int,
+        default=15,
+        help="Number of checkpoints to average. Automatically select "
+        "consecutive checkpoints before the checkpoint specified by "
+        "'--epoch' and '--iter'",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--use-averaged-model",
+        type=str2bool,
+        default=True,
+        help="Whether to load averaged model. Currently it only supports "
+        "using --epoch. If True, it would decode with the averaged model "
+        "over the epoch range from `epoch-avg` (excluded) to `epoch`."
+        "Actually only the models with epoch number of `epoch-avg` and "
+        "`epoch` are loaded for averaging. ",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--exp-dir",
+        type=str,
+        default="zipformer/exp",
+        help="The experiment dir",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--lang-dir",
+        type=Path,
+        default="data/zh-HK/lang_char",
+        help="The lang dir containing word table and LG graph",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--decoding-method",
+        type=str,
+        default="greedy_search",
+        help="""Possible values are:
+          - greedy_search
+          - modified_beam_search
+          - fast_beam_search
+          - fast_beam_search_LG
+          - fast_beam_search_nbest_oracle
+        If you use fast_beam_search_LG, you have to specify
+        `--lang-dir`, which should contain `LG.pt`.
+        """,
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--beam-size",
+        type=int,
+        default=4,
+        help="""An integer indicating how many candidates we will keep for each
+        frame. Used only when --decoding-method is beam_search or
+        modified_beam_search.""",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--beam",
+        type=float,
+        default=20.0,
+        help="""A floating point value to calculate the cutoff score during beam
+        search (i.e., `cutoff = max-score - beam`), which is the same as the
+        `beam` in Kaldi.
+        Used only when --decoding-method is fast_beam_search,
+        fast_beam_search, fast_beam_search_LG,
+        and fast_beam_search_nbest_oracle
+        """,
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--ngram-lm-scale",
+        type=float,
+        default=0.01,
+        help="""
+        Used only when --decoding_method is fast_beam_search_LG.
+        It specifies the scale for n-gram LM scores.
+        """,
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--ilme-scale",
+        type=float,
+        default=0.2,
+        help="""
+        Used only when --decoding_method is fast_beam_search_LG.
+        It specifies the scale for the internal language model estimation.
+        """,
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--max-contexts",
+        type=int,
+        default=8,
+        help="""Used only when --decoding-method is
+        fast_beam_search, fast_beam_search, fast_beam_search_LG,
+        and fast_beam_search_nbest_oracle""",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--max-states",
+        type=int,
+        default=64,
+        help="""Used only when --decoding-method is
+        fast_beam_search, fast_beam_search, fast_beam_search_LG,
+        and fast_beam_search_nbest_oracle""",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--context-size",
+        type=int,
+        default=2,
+        help="The context size in the decoder. 1 means bigram; 2 means tri-gram",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--max-sym-per-frame",
+        type=int,
+        default=1,
+        help="""Maximum number of symbols per frame.
+        Used only when --decoding_method is greedy_search""",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--num-paths",
+        type=int,
+        default=200,
+        help="""Number of paths for nbest decoding.
+        Used only when the decoding method is fast_beam_search_nbest_oracle""",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--nbest-scale",
+        type=float,
+        default=0.5,
+        help="""Scale applied to lattice scores when computing nbest paths.
+        Used only when the decoding method is and fast_beam_search_nbest_oracle""",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--blank-penalty",
+        type=float,
+        default=0.0,
+        help="""
+        The penalty applied on blank symbol during decoding.
+        Note: It is a positive value that would be applied to logits like
+        this `logits[:, 0] -= blank_penalty` (suppose logits.shape is
+        [batch_size, vocab] and blank id is 0).
+        """,
+    )
+
+    add_model_arguments(parser)
+
+    return parser
+
+
+def decode_one_batch(
+    params: AttributeDict,
+    model: nn.Module,
+    lexicon: Lexicon,
+    graph_compiler: CharCtcTrainingGraphCompiler,
+    batch: dict,
+    decoding_graph: Optional[k2.Fsa] = None,
+) -> Dict[str, List[List[str]]]:
+    """Decode one batch and return the result in a dict. The dict has the
+    following format:
+
+        - key: It indicates the setting used for decoding. For example,
+               if greedy_search is used, it would be "greedy_search"
+               If beam search with a beam size of 7 is used, it would be
+               "beam_7"
+        - value: It contains the decoding result. `len(value)` equals to
+                 batch size. `value[i]` is the decoding result for the i-th
+                 utterance in the given batch.
+    Args:
+      params:
+        It's the return value of :func:`get_params`.
+      model:
+        The neural model.
+      batch:
+        It is the return value from iterating
+        `lhotse.dataset.K2SpeechRecognitionDataset`. See its documentation
+        for the format of the `batch`.
+      decoding_graph:
+        The decoding graph. Can be either a `k2.trivial_graph` or LG, Used
+        only when --decoding_method is fast_beam_search, fast_beam_search_nbest,
+        fast_beam_search_nbest_oracle, and fast_beam_search_nbest_LG.
+    Returns:
+      Return the decoding result. See above description for the format of
+      the returned dict.
+    """
+    device = next(model.parameters()).device
+    feature = batch["inputs"]
+    assert feature.ndim == 3
+
+    feature = feature.to(device)
+    # at entry, feature is (N, T, C)
+
+    supervisions = batch["supervisions"]
+    feature_lens = supervisions["num_frames"].to(device)
+
+    if params.causal:
+        # this seems to cause insertions at the end of the utterance if used with zipformer.
+        pad_len = 30
+        feature_lens += pad_len
+        feature = torch.nn.functional.pad(
+            feature,
+            pad=(0, 0, 0, pad_len),
+            value=LOG_EPS,
+        )
+
+    x, x_lens = model.encoder_embed(feature, feature_lens)
+
+    src_key_padding_mask = make_pad_mask(x_lens)
+    x = x.permute(1, 0, 2)  # (N, T, C) -> (T, N, C)
+
+    encoder_out, encoder_out_lens = model.encoder(x, x_lens, src_key_padding_mask)
+    encoder_out = encoder_out.permute(1, 0, 2)  # (T, N, C) ->(N, T, C)
+
+    hyps = []
+
+    if params.decoding_method == "fast_beam_search":
+        hyp_tokens = fast_beam_search_one_best(
+            model=model,
+            decoding_graph=decoding_graph,
+            encoder_out=encoder_out,
+            encoder_out_lens=encoder_out_lens,
+            beam=params.beam,
+            max_contexts=params.max_contexts,
+            max_states=params.max_states,
+            blank_penalty=params.blank_penalty,
+        )
+        for i in range(encoder_out.size(0)):
+            hyps.append([lexicon.token_table[idx] for idx in hyp_tokens[i]])
+    elif params.decoding_method == "fast_beam_search_LG":
+        hyp_tokens = fast_beam_search_one_best(
+            model=model,
+            decoding_graph=decoding_graph,
+            encoder_out=encoder_out,
+            encoder_out_lens=encoder_out_lens,
+            beam=params.beam,
+            max_contexts=params.max_contexts,
+            max_states=params.max_states,
+            blank_penalty=params.blank_penalty,
+            ilme_scale=params.ilme_scale,
+        )
+        for hyp in hyp_tokens:
+            sentence = "".join([lexicon.word_table[i] for i in hyp])
+            hyps.append(list(sentence))
+    elif params.decoding_method == "fast_beam_search_nbest_oracle":
+        hyp_tokens = fast_beam_search_nbest_oracle(
+            model=model,
+            decoding_graph=decoding_graph,
+            encoder_out=encoder_out,
+            encoder_out_lens=encoder_out_lens,
+            beam=params.beam,
+            max_contexts=params.max_contexts,
+            max_states=params.max_states,
+            num_paths=params.num_paths,
+            ref_texts=graph_compiler.texts_to_ids(supervisions["text"]),
+            nbest_scale=params.nbest_scale,
+            blank_penalty=params.blank_penalty,
+        )
+        for i in range(encoder_out.size(0)):
+            hyps.append([lexicon.token_table[idx] for idx in hyp_tokens[i]])
+    elif params.decoding_method == "greedy_search" and params.max_sym_per_frame == 1:
+        hyp_tokens = greedy_search_batch(
+            model=model,
+            encoder_out=encoder_out,
+            encoder_out_lens=encoder_out_lens,
+            blank_penalty=params.blank_penalty,
+        )
+        for i in range(encoder_out.size(0)):
+            hyps.append([lexicon.token_table[idx] for idx in hyp_tokens[i]])
+    elif params.decoding_method == "modified_beam_search":
+        hyp_tokens = modified_beam_search(
+            model=model,
+            encoder_out=encoder_out,
+            encoder_out_lens=encoder_out_lens,
+            blank_penalty=params.blank_penalty,
+            beam=params.beam_size,
+        )
+        for i in range(encoder_out.size(0)):
+            hyps.append([lexicon.token_table[idx] for idx in hyp_tokens[i]])
+    else:
+        batch_size = encoder_out.size(0)
+
+        for i in range(batch_size):
+            # fmt: off
+            encoder_out_i = encoder_out[i:i + 1, :encoder_out_lens[i]]
+            # fmt: on
+            if params.decoding_method == "greedy_search":
+                hyp = greedy_search(
+                    model=model,
+                    encoder_out=encoder_out_i,
+                    max_sym_per_frame=params.max_sym_per_frame,
+                    blank_penalty=params.blank_penalty,
+                )
+            elif params.decoding_method == "beam_search":
+                hyp = beam_search(
+                    model=model,
+                    encoder_out=encoder_out_i,
+                    beam=params.beam_size,
+                    blank_penalty=params.blank_penalty,
+                )
+            else:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Unsupported decoding method: {params.decoding_method}"
+                )
+            hyps.append([lexicon.token_table[idx] for idx in hyp])
+
+    key = f"blank_penalty_{params.blank_penalty}"
+    if params.decoding_method == "greedy_search":
+        return {"greedy_search_" + key: hyps}
+    elif "fast_beam_search" in params.decoding_method:
+        key += f"_beam_{params.beam}_"
+        key += f"max_contexts_{params.max_contexts}_"
+        key += f"max_states_{params.max_states}"
+        if "nbest" in params.decoding_method:
+            key += f"_num_paths_{params.num_paths}_"
+            key += f"nbest_scale_{params.nbest_scale}"
+        if "LG" in params.decoding_method:
+            key += f"_ilme_scale_{params.ilme_scale}"
+            key += f"_ngram_lm_scale_{params.ngram_lm_scale}"
+
+        return {key: hyps}
+    else:
+        return {f"beam_size_{params.beam_size}_" + key: hyps}
+
+
+def decode_dataset(
+    dl: torch.utils.data.DataLoader,
+    params: AttributeDict,
+    model: nn.Module,
+    lexicon: Lexicon,
+    graph_compiler: CharCtcTrainingGraphCompiler,
+    decoding_graph: Optional[k2.Fsa] = None,
+) -> Dict[str, List[Tuple[List[str], List[str]]]]:
+    """Decode dataset.
+
+    Args:
+      dl:
+        PyTorch's dataloader containing the dataset to decode.
+      params:
+        It is returned by :func:`get_params`.
+      model:
+        The neural model.
+      decoding_graph:
+        The decoding graph. Can be either a `k2.trivial_graph` or LG, Used
+        only when --decoding_method is fast_beam_search, fast_beam_search_nbest,
+        fast_beam_search_nbest_oracle, and fast_beam_search_nbest_LG.
+    Returns:
+      Return a dict, whose key may be "greedy_search" if greedy search
+      is used, or it may be "beam_7" if beam size of 7 is used.
+      Its value is a list of tuples. Each tuple contains two elements:
+      The first is the reference transcript, and the second is the
+      predicted result.
+    """
+    num_cuts = 0
+
+    try:
+        num_batches = len(dl)
+    except TypeError:
+        num_batches = "?"
+
+    if params.decoding_method == "greedy_search":
+        log_interval = 50
+    else:
+        log_interval = 20
+
+    results = defaultdict(list)
+    for batch_idx, batch in enumerate(dl):
+        texts = batch["supervisions"]["text"]
+        texts = [list("".join(text.split())) for text in texts]
+        cut_ids = [cut.id for cut in batch["supervisions"]["cut"]]
+
+        hyps_dict = decode_one_batch(
+            params=params,
+            model=model,
+            lexicon=lexicon,
+            graph_compiler=graph_compiler,
+            decoding_graph=decoding_graph,
+            batch=batch,
+        )
+
+        for name, hyps in hyps_dict.items():
+            this_batch = []
+            assert len(hyps) == len(texts)
+            for cut_id, hyp_words, ref_text in zip(cut_ids, hyps, texts):
+                this_batch.append((cut_id, ref_text, hyp_words))
+
+            results[name].extend(this_batch)
+
+        num_cuts += len(texts)
+
+        if batch_idx % log_interval == 0:
+            batch_str = f"{batch_idx}/{num_batches}"
+
+            logging.info(f"batch {batch_str}, cuts processed until now is {num_cuts}")
+    return results
+
+
+def save_results(
+    params: AttributeDict,
+    test_set_name: str,
+    results_dict: Dict[str, List[Tuple[List[int], List[int]]]],
+):
+    test_set_wers = dict()
+    for key, results in results_dict.items():
+        recog_path = (
+            params.res_dir / f"recogs-{test_set_name}-{key}-{params.suffix}.txt"
+        )
+        results = sorted(results)
+        store_transcripts(filename=recog_path, texts=results)
+        logging.info(f"The transcripts are stored in {recog_path}")
+
+        # The following prints out WERs, per-word error statistics and aligned
+        # ref/hyp pairs.
+        errs_filename = (
+            params.res_dir / f"errs-{test_set_name}-{key}-{params.suffix}.txt"
+        )
+        with open(errs_filename, "w") as f:
+            wer = write_error_stats(
+                f, f"{test_set_name}-{key}", results, enable_log=True
+            )
+            test_set_wers[key] = wer
+
+        logging.info("Wrote detailed error stats to {}".format(errs_filename))
+
+    test_set_wers = sorted(test_set_wers.items(), key=lambda x: x[1])
+    errs_info = (
+        params.res_dir / f"wer-summary-{test_set_name}-{key}-{params.suffix}.txt"
+    )
+    with open(errs_info, "w") as f:
+        print("settings\tWER", file=f)
+        for key, val in test_set_wers:
+            print("{}\t{}".format(key, val), file=f)
+
+    s = "\nFor {}, WER of different settings are:\n".format(test_set_name)
+    note = "\tbest for {}".format(test_set_name)
+    for key, val in test_set_wers:
+        s += "{}\t{}{}\n".format(key, val, note)
+        note = ""
+    logging.info(s)
+
+
+@torch.no_grad()
+def main():
+    parser = get_parser()
+    CommonVoiceAsrDataModule.add_arguments(parser)
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    args.exp_dir = Path(args.exp_dir)
+
+    params = get_params()
+    params.update(vars(args))
+
+    assert params.decoding_method in (
+        "greedy_search",
+        "beam_search",
+        "modified_beam_search",
+        "fast_beam_search",
+        "fast_beam_search_LG",
+        "fast_beam_search_nbest_oracle",
+    )
+    params.res_dir = params.exp_dir / params.decoding_method
+
+    if params.iter > 0:
+        params.suffix = f"iter-{params.iter}-avg-{params.avg}"
+    else:
+        params.suffix = f"epoch-{params.epoch}-avg-{params.avg}"
+
+    if params.causal:
+        assert (
+            "," not in params.chunk_size
+        ), "chunk_size should be one value in decoding."
+        assert (
+            "," not in params.left_context_frames
+        ), "left_context_frames should be one value in decoding."
+        params.suffix += f"-chunk-{params.chunk_size}"
+        params.suffix += f"-left-context-{params.left_context_frames}"
+
+    if "fast_beam_search" in params.decoding_method:
+        params.suffix += f"-beam-{params.beam}"
+        params.suffix += f"-max-contexts-{params.max_contexts}"
+        params.suffix += f"-max-states-{params.max_states}"
+        if "nbest" in params.decoding_method:
+            params.suffix += f"-nbest-scale-{params.nbest_scale}"
+            params.suffix += f"-num-paths-{params.num_paths}"
+        if "LG" in params.decoding_method:
+            params.suffix += f"_ilme_scale_{params.ilme_scale}"
+            params.suffix += f"-ngram-lm-scale-{params.ngram_lm_scale}"
+    elif "beam_search" in params.decoding_method:
+        params.suffix += f"-{params.decoding_method}-beam-size-{params.beam_size}"
+    else:
+        params.suffix += f"-context-{params.context_size}"
+        params.suffix += f"-max-sym-per-frame-{params.max_sym_per_frame}"
+    params.suffix += f"-blank-penalty-{params.blank_penalty}"
+
+    if params.use_averaged_model:
+        params.suffix += "-use-averaged-model"
+
+    setup_logger(f"{params.res_dir}/log-decode-{params.suffix}")
+    logging.info("Decoding started")
+
+    device = torch.device("cpu")
+    if torch.cuda.is_available():
+        device = torch.device("cuda", 0)
+
+    logging.info(f"Device: {device}")
+
+    lexicon = Lexicon(params.lang_dir)
+    params.blank_id = lexicon.token_table["<blk>"]
+    params.vocab_size = max(lexicon.tokens) + 1
+
+    graph_compiler = CharCtcTrainingGraphCompiler(
+        lexicon=lexicon,
+        device=device,
+    )
+
+    logging.info(params)
+
+    logging.info("About to create model")
+    model = get_model(params)
+
+    if not params.use_averaged_model:
+        if params.iter > 0:
+            filenames = find_checkpoints(params.exp_dir, iteration=-params.iter)[
+                : params.avg
+            ]
+            if len(filenames) == 0:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"No checkpoints found for"
+                    f" --iter {params.iter}, --avg {params.avg}"
+                )
+            elif len(filenames) < params.avg:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Not enough checkpoints ({len(filenames)}) found for"
+                    f" --iter {params.iter}, --avg {params.avg}"
+                )
+            logging.info(f"averaging {filenames}")
+            model.to(device)
+            model.load_state_dict(average_checkpoints(filenames, device=device))
+        elif params.avg == 1:
+            load_checkpoint(f"{params.exp_dir}/epoch-{params.epoch}.pt", model)
+        else:
+            start = params.epoch - params.avg + 1
+            filenames = []
+            for i in range(start, params.epoch + 1):
+                if i >= 1:
+                    filenames.append(f"{params.exp_dir}/epoch-{i}.pt")
+            logging.info(f"averaging {filenames}")
+            model.to(device)
+            model.load_state_dict(average_checkpoints(filenames, device=device))
+    else:
+        if params.iter > 0:
+            filenames = find_checkpoints(params.exp_dir, iteration=-params.iter)[
+                : params.avg + 1
+            ]
+            if len(filenames) == 0:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"No checkpoints found for"
+                    f" --iter {params.iter}, --avg {params.avg}"
+                )
+            elif len(filenames) < params.avg + 1:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Not enough checkpoints ({len(filenames)}) found for"
+                    f" --iter {params.iter}, --avg {params.avg}"
+                )
+            filename_start = filenames[-1]
+            filename_end = filenames[0]
+            logging.info(
+                "Calculating the averaged model over iteration checkpoints"
+                f" from {filename_start} (excluded) to {filename_end}"
+            )
+            model.to(device)
+            model.load_state_dict(
+                average_checkpoints_with_averaged_model(
+                    filename_start=filename_start,
+                    filename_end=filename_end,
+                    device=device,
+                )
+            )
+        else:
+            assert params.avg > 0, params.avg
+            start = params.epoch - params.avg
+            assert start >= 1, start
+            filename_start = f"{params.exp_dir}/epoch-{start}.pt"
+            filename_end = f"{params.exp_dir}/epoch-{params.epoch}.pt"
+            logging.info(
+                f"Calculating the averaged model over epoch range from "
+                f"{start} (excluded) to {params.epoch}"
+            )
+            model.to(device)
+            model.load_state_dict(
+                average_checkpoints_with_averaged_model(
+                    filename_start=filename_start,
+                    filename_end=filename_end,
+                    device=device,
+                )
+            )
+
+    model.to(device)
+    model.eval()
+
+    if "fast_beam_search" in params.decoding_method:
+        if "LG" in params.decoding_method:
+            lexicon = Lexicon(params.lang_dir)
+            lg_filename = params.lang_dir / "LG.pt"
+            logging.info(f"Loading {lg_filename}")
+            decoding_graph = k2.Fsa.from_dict(
+                torch.load(lg_filename, map_location=device)
+            )
+            decoding_graph.scores *= params.ngram_lm_scale
+        else:
+            decoding_graph = k2.trivial_graph(params.vocab_size - 1, device=device)
+    else:
+        decoding_graph = None
+
+    num_param = sum([p.numel() for p in model.parameters()])
+    logging.info(f"Number of model parameters: {num_param}")
+
+    # we need cut ids to display recognition results.
+    args.return_cuts = True
+    commonvoice = CommonVoiceAsrDataModule(args)
+
+    def remove_short_utt(c: Cut):
+        T = ((c.num_frames - 7) // 2 + 1) // 2
+        if T <= 0:
+            logging.warning(
+                f"Exclude cut with ID {c.id} from decoding, num_frames : {c.num_frames}."
+            )
+        return T > 0
+
+    dev_cuts = commonvoice.dev_cuts()
+    dev_cuts = dev_cuts.filter(remove_short_utt)
+    dev_dl = commonvoice.valid_dataloaders(dev_cuts)
+
+    test_cuts = commonvoice.test_cuts()
+    test_cuts = test_cuts.filter(remove_short_utt)
+    test_dl = commonvoice.test_dataloaders(test_cuts)
+
+    test_sets = ["dev", "test"]
+    test_dls = [dev_dl, test_dl]
+
+    for test_set, test_dl in zip(test_sets, test_dls):
+        results_dict = decode_dataset(
+            dl=test_dl,
+            params=params,
+            model=model,
+            lexicon=lexicon,
+            graph_compiler=graph_compiler,
+            decoding_graph=decoding_graph,
+        )
+
+        save_results(
+            params=params,
+            test_set_name=test_set,
+            results_dict=results_dict,
+        )
+
+    logging.info("Done!")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/decode_stream.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/decode_stream.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/decoder.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/decoder.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/encoder_interface.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/encoder_interface.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/export-onnx-ctc.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/export-onnx-ctc.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/export-onnx-streaming-ctc.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/export-onnx-streaming-ctc.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/export-onnx-streaming.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/export-onnx-streaming.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/export-onnx.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/export-onnx.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/export.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/export.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/joiner.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/joiner.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/model.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/model.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/onnx_check.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/onnx_check.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/onnx_pretrained.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/onnx_pretrained.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/optim.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/optim.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/scaling.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/scaling.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/scaling_converter.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/scaling_converter.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/streaming_beam_search.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/streaming_beam_search.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/streaming_decode.py

@@ -0,0 +1,859 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# Copyright 2022-2023 Xiaomi Corporation (Authors: Wei Kang,
+#                                                  Fangjun Kuang,
+#                                                  Zengwei Yao,
+#                                                  Zengrui Jin,)
+#
+# See ../../../../LICENSE for clarification regarding multiple authors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""
+Usage:
+./zipformer/streaming_decode.py \
+  --epoch 28 \
+  --avg 15 \
+  --causal 1 \
+  --chunk-size 32 \
+  --left-context-frames 256 \
+  --exp-dir ./zipformer/exp \
+  --decoding-method greedy_search \
+  --num-decode-streams 2000
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import logging
+import math
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+import k2
+import numpy as np
+import sentencepiece as spm
+import torch
+from asr_datamodule import CommonVoiceAsrDataModule
+from decode_stream import DecodeStream
+from kaldifeat import Fbank, FbankOptions
+from lhotse import CutSet
+from streaming_beam_search import (
+    fast_beam_search_one_best,
+    greedy_search,
+    modified_beam_search,
+)
+from torch import Tensor, nn
+from torch.nn.utils.rnn import pad_sequence
+from train import add_model_arguments, get_model, get_params
+
+from icefall.checkpoint import (
+    average_checkpoints,
+    average_checkpoints_with_averaged_model,
+    find_checkpoints,
+    load_checkpoint,
+)
+from icefall.utils import (
+    AttributeDict,
+    make_pad_mask,
+    setup_logger,
+    store_transcripts,
+    str2bool,
+    write_error_stats,
+)
+
+LOG_EPS = math.log(1e-10)
+
+
+def get_parser():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        formatter_class=argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--epoch",
+        type=int,
+        default=28,
+        help="""It specifies the checkpoint to use for decoding.
+        Note: Epoch counts from 1.
+        You can specify --avg to use more checkpoints for model averaging.""",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--iter",
+        type=int,
+        default=0,
+        help="""If positive, --epoch is ignored and it
+        will use the checkpoint exp_dir/checkpoint-iter.pt.
+        You can specify --avg to use more checkpoints for model averaging.
+        """,
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--avg",
+        type=int,
+        default=15,
+        help="Number of checkpoints to average. Automatically select "
+        "consecutive checkpoints before the checkpoint specified by "
+        "'--epoch' and '--iter'",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--use-averaged-model",
+        type=str2bool,
+        default=True,
+        help="Whether to load averaged model. Currently it only supports "
+        "using --epoch. If True, it would decode with the averaged model "
+        "over the epoch range from `epoch-avg` (excluded) to `epoch`."
+        "Actually only the models with epoch number of `epoch-avg` and "
+        "`epoch` are loaded for averaging. ",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--exp-dir",
+        type=str,
+        default="zipformer/exp",
+        help="The experiment dir",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--bpe-model",
+        type=str,
+        default="data/lang_bpe_500/bpe.model",
+        help="Path to the BPE model",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--decoding-method",
+        type=str,
+        default="greedy_search",
+        help="""Supported decoding methods are:
+        greedy_search
+        modified_beam_search
+        fast_beam_search
+        """,
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--num_active_paths",
+        type=int,
+        default=4,
+        help="""An interger indicating how many candidates we will keep for each
+        frame. Used only when --decoding-method is modified_beam_search.""",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--beam",
+        type=float,
+        default=4,
+        help="""A floating point value to calculate the cutoff score during beam
+        search (i.e., `cutoff = max-score - beam`), which is the same as the
+        `beam` in Kaldi.
+        Used only when --decoding-method is fast_beam_search""",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--max-contexts",
+        type=int,
+        default=4,
+        help="""Used only when --decoding-method is
+        fast_beam_search""",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--max-states",
+        type=int,
+        default=32,
+        help="""Used only when --decoding-method is
+        fast_beam_search""",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--context-size",
+        type=int,
+        default=2,
+        help="The context size in the decoder. 1 means bigram; 2 means tri-gram",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--num-decode-streams",
+        type=int,
+        default=2000,
+        help="The number of streams that can be decoded parallel.",
+    )
+
+    add_model_arguments(parser)
+
+    return parser
+
+
+def get_init_states(
+    model: nn.Module,
+    batch_size: int = 1,
+    device: torch.device = torch.device("cpu"),
+) -> List[torch.Tensor]:
+    """
+    Returns a list of cached tensors of all encoder layers. For layer-i, states[i*6:(i+1)*6]
+    is (cached_key, cached_nonlin_attn, cached_val1, cached_val2, cached_conv1, cached_conv2).
+    states[-2] is the cached left padding for ConvNeXt module,
+    of shape (batch_size, num_channels, left_pad, num_freqs)
+    states[-1] is processed_lens of shape (batch,), which records the number
+    of processed frames (at 50hz frame rate, after encoder_embed) for each sample in batch.
+    """
+    states = model.encoder.get_init_states(batch_size, device)
+
+    embed_states = model.encoder_embed.get_init_states(batch_size, device)
+    states.append(embed_states)
+
+    processed_lens = torch.zeros(batch_size, dtype=torch.int32, device=device)
+    states.append(processed_lens)
+
+    return states
+
+
+def stack_states(state_list: List[List[torch.Tensor]]) -> List[torch.Tensor]:
+    """Stack list of zipformer states that correspond to separate utterances
+    into a single emformer state, so that it can be used as an input for
+    zipformer when those utterances are formed into a batch.
+
+    Args:
+      state_list:
+        Each element in state_list corresponding to the internal state
+        of the zipformer model for a single utterance. For element-n,
+        state_list[n] is a list of cached tensors of all encoder layers. For layer-i,
+        state_list[n][i*6:(i+1)*6] is (cached_key, cached_nonlin_attn, cached_val1,
+        cached_val2, cached_conv1, cached_conv2).
+        state_list[n][-2] is the cached left padding for ConvNeXt module,
+          of shape (batch_size, num_channels, left_pad, num_freqs)
+        state_list[n][-1] is processed_lens of shape (batch,), which records the number
+        of processed frames (at 50hz frame rate, after encoder_embed) for each sample in batch.
+
+    Note:
+      It is the inverse of :func:`unstack_states`.
+    """
+    batch_size = len(state_list)
+    assert (len(state_list[0]) - 2) % 6 == 0, len(state_list[0])
+    tot_num_layers = (len(state_list[0]) - 2) // 6
+
+    batch_states = []
+    for layer in range(tot_num_layers):
+        layer_offset = layer * 6
+        # cached_key: (left_context_len, batch_size, key_dim)
+        cached_key = torch.cat(
+            [state_list[i][layer_offset] for i in range(batch_size)], dim=1
+        )
+        # cached_nonlin_attn: (num_heads, batch_size, left_context_len, head_dim)
+        cached_nonlin_attn = torch.cat(
+            [state_list[i][layer_offset + 1] for i in range(batch_size)], dim=1
+        )
+        # cached_val1: (left_context_len, batch_size, value_dim)
+        cached_val1 = torch.cat(
+            [state_list[i][layer_offset + 2] for i in range(batch_size)], dim=1
+        )
+        # cached_val2: (left_context_len, batch_size, value_dim)
+        cached_val2 = torch.cat(
+            [state_list[i][layer_offset + 3] for i in range(batch_size)], dim=1
+        )
+        # cached_conv1: (#batch, channels, left_pad)
+        cached_conv1 = torch.cat(
+            [state_list[i][layer_offset + 4] for i in range(batch_size)], dim=0
+        )
+        # cached_conv2: (#batch, channels, left_pad)
+        cached_conv2 = torch.cat(
+            [state_list[i][layer_offset + 5] for i in range(batch_size)], dim=0
+        )
+        batch_states += [
+            cached_key,
+            cached_nonlin_attn,
+            cached_val1,
+            cached_val2,
+            cached_conv1,
+            cached_conv2,
+        ]
+
+    cached_embed_left_pad = torch.cat(
+        [state_list[i][-2] for i in range(batch_size)], dim=0
+    )
+    batch_states.append(cached_embed_left_pad)
+
+    processed_lens = torch.cat([state_list[i][-1] for i in range(batch_size)], dim=0)
+    batch_states.append(processed_lens)
+
+    return batch_states
+
+
+def unstack_states(batch_states: List[Tensor]) -> List[List[Tensor]]:
+    """Unstack the zipformer state corresponding to a batch of utterances
+    into a list of states, where the i-th entry is the state from the i-th
+    utterance in the batch.
+
+    Note:
+      It is the inverse of :func:`stack_states`.
+
+    Args:
+        batch_states: A list of cached tensors of all encoder layers. For layer-i,
+          states[i*6:(i+1)*6] is (cached_key, cached_nonlin_attn, cached_val1, cached_val2,
+          cached_conv1, cached_conv2).
+          state_list[-2] is the cached left padding for ConvNeXt module,
+          of shape (batch_size, num_channels, left_pad, num_freqs)
+          states[-1] is processed_lens of shape (batch,), which records the number
+          of processed frames (at 50hz frame rate, after encoder_embed) for each sample in batch.
+
+    Returns:
+        state_list: A list of list. Each element in state_list corresponding to the internal state
+        of the zipformer model for a single utterance.
+    """
+    assert (len(batch_states) - 2) % 6 == 0, len(batch_states)
+    tot_num_layers = (len(batch_states) - 2) // 6
+
+    processed_lens = batch_states[-1]
+    batch_size = processed_lens.shape[0]
+
+    state_list = [[] for _ in range(batch_size)]
+
+    for layer in range(tot_num_layers):
+        layer_offset = layer * 6
+        # cached_key: (left_context_len, batch_size, key_dim)
+        cached_key_list = batch_states[layer_offset].chunk(chunks=batch_size, dim=1)
+        # cached_nonlin_attn: (num_heads, batch_size, left_context_len, head_dim)
+        cached_nonlin_attn_list = batch_states[layer_offset + 1].chunk(
+            chunks=batch_size, dim=1
+        )
+        # cached_val1: (left_context_len, batch_size, value_dim)
+        cached_val1_list = batch_states[layer_offset + 2].chunk(
+            chunks=batch_size, dim=1
+        )
+        # cached_val2: (left_context_len, batch_size, value_dim)
+        cached_val2_list = batch_states[layer_offset + 3].chunk(
+            chunks=batch_size, dim=1
+        )
+        # cached_conv1: (#batch, channels, left_pad)
+        cached_conv1_list = batch_states[layer_offset + 4].chunk(
+            chunks=batch_size, dim=0
+        )
+        # cached_conv2: (#batch, channels, left_pad)
+        cached_conv2_list = batch_states[layer_offset + 5].chunk(
+            chunks=batch_size, dim=0
+        )
+        for i in range(batch_size):
+            state_list[i] += [
+                cached_key_list[i],
+                cached_nonlin_attn_list[i],
+                cached_val1_list[i],
+                cached_val2_list[i],
+                cached_conv1_list[i],
+                cached_conv2_list[i],
+            ]
+
+    cached_embed_left_pad_list = batch_states[-2].chunk(chunks=batch_size, dim=0)
+    for i in range(batch_size):
+        state_list[i].append(cached_embed_left_pad_list[i])
+
+    processed_lens_list = batch_states[-1].chunk(chunks=batch_size, dim=0)
+    for i in range(batch_size):
+        state_list[i].append(processed_lens_list[i])
+
+    return state_list
+
+
+def streaming_forward(
+    features: Tensor,
+    feature_lens: Tensor,
+    model: nn.Module,
+    states: List[Tensor],
+    chunk_size: int,
+    left_context_len: int,
+) -> Tuple[Tensor, Tensor, List[Tensor]]:
+    """
+    Returns encoder outputs, output lengths, and updated states.
+    """
+    cached_embed_left_pad = states[-2]
+    (x, x_lens, new_cached_embed_left_pad) = model.encoder_embed.streaming_forward(
+        x=features,
+        x_lens=feature_lens,
+        cached_left_pad=cached_embed_left_pad,
+    )
+    assert x.size(1) == chunk_size, (x.size(1), chunk_size)
+
+    src_key_padding_mask = make_pad_mask(x_lens)
+
+    # processed_mask is used to mask out initial states
+    processed_mask = torch.arange(left_context_len, device=x.device).expand(
+        x.size(0), left_context_len
+    )
+    processed_lens = states[-1]  # (batch,)
+    # (batch, left_context_size)
+    processed_mask = (processed_lens.unsqueeze(1) <= processed_mask).flip(1)
+    # Update processed lengths
+    new_processed_lens = processed_lens + x_lens
+
+    # (batch, left_context_size + chunk_size)
+    src_key_padding_mask = torch.cat([processed_mask, src_key_padding_mask], dim=1)
+
+    x = x.permute(1, 0, 2)  # (N, T, C) -> (T, N, C)
+    encoder_states = states[:-2]
+    (
+        encoder_out,
+        encoder_out_lens,
+        new_encoder_states,
+    ) = model.encoder.streaming_forward(
+        x=x,
+        x_lens=x_lens,
+        states=encoder_states,
+        src_key_padding_mask=src_key_padding_mask,
+    )
+    encoder_out = encoder_out.permute(1, 0, 2)  # (T, N, C) ->(N, T, C)
+
+    new_states = new_encoder_states + [
+        new_cached_embed_left_pad,
+        new_processed_lens,
+    ]
+    return encoder_out, encoder_out_lens, new_states
+
+
+def decode_one_chunk(
+    params: AttributeDict,
+    model: nn.Module,
+    decode_streams: List[DecodeStream],
+) -> List[int]:
+    """Decode one chunk frames of features for each decode_streams and
+    return the indexes of finished streams in a List.
+
+    Args:
+      params:
+        It's the return value of :func:`get_params`.
+      model:
+        The neural model.
+      decode_streams:
+        A List of DecodeStream, each belonging to a utterance.
+    Returns:
+      Return a List containing which DecodeStreams are finished.
+    """
+    device = model.device
+    chunk_size = int(params.chunk_size)
+    left_context_len = int(params.left_context_frames)
+
+    features = []
+    feature_lens = []
+    states = []
+    processed_lens = []  # Used in fast-beam-search
+
+    for stream in decode_streams:
+        feat, feat_len = stream.get_feature_frames(chunk_size * 2)
+        features.append(feat)
+        feature_lens.append(feat_len)
+        states.append(stream.states)
+        processed_lens.append(stream.done_frames)
+
+    feature_lens = torch.tensor(feature_lens, device=device)
+    features = pad_sequence(features, batch_first=True, padding_value=LOG_EPS)
+
+    # Make sure the length after encoder_embed is at least 1.
+    # The encoder_embed subsample features (T - 7) // 2
+    # The ConvNeXt module needs (7 - 1) // 2 = 3 frames of right padding after subsampling
+    tail_length = chunk_size * 2 + 7 + 2 * 3
+    if features.size(1) < tail_length:
+        pad_length = tail_length - features.size(1)
+        feature_lens += pad_length
+        features = torch.nn.functional.pad(
+            features,
+            (0, 0, 0, pad_length),
+            mode="constant",
+            value=LOG_EPS,
+        )
+
+    states = stack_states(states)
+
+    encoder_out, encoder_out_lens, new_states = streaming_forward(
+        features=features,
+        feature_lens=feature_lens,
+        model=model,
+        states=states,
+        chunk_size=chunk_size,
+        left_context_len=left_context_len,
+    )
+
+    encoder_out = model.joiner.encoder_proj(encoder_out)
+
+    if params.decoding_method == "greedy_search":
+        greedy_search(model=model, encoder_out=encoder_out, streams=decode_streams)
+    elif params.decoding_method == "fast_beam_search":
+        processed_lens = torch.tensor(processed_lens, device=device)
+        processed_lens = processed_lens + encoder_out_lens
+        fast_beam_search_one_best(
+            model=model,
+            encoder_out=encoder_out,
+            processed_lens=processed_lens,
+            streams=decode_streams,
+            beam=params.beam,
+            max_states=params.max_states,
+            max_contexts=params.max_contexts,
+        )
+    elif params.decoding_method == "modified_beam_search":
+        modified_beam_search(
+            model=model,
+            streams=decode_streams,
+            encoder_out=encoder_out,
+            num_active_paths=params.num_active_paths,
+        )
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported decoding method: {params.decoding_method}")
+
+    states = unstack_states(new_states)
+
+    finished_streams = []
+    for i in range(len(decode_streams)):
+        decode_streams[i].states = states[i]
+        decode_streams[i].done_frames += encoder_out_lens[i]
+        if decode_streams[i].done:
+            finished_streams.append(i)
+
+    return finished_streams
+
+
+def decode_dataset(
+    cuts: CutSet,
+    params: AttributeDict,
+    model: nn.Module,
+    sp: spm.SentencePieceProcessor,
+    decoding_graph: Optional[k2.Fsa] = None,
+) -> Dict[str, List[Tuple[List[str], List[str]]]]:
+    """Decode dataset.
+
+    Args:
+      cuts:
+        Lhotse Cutset containing the dataset to decode.
+      params:
+        It is returned by :func:`get_params`.
+      model:
+        The neural model.
+      sp:
+        The BPE model.
+      decoding_graph:
+        The decoding graph. Can be either a `k2.trivial_graph` or HLG, Used
+        only when --decoding_method is fast_beam_search.
+    Returns:
+      Return a dict, whose key may be "greedy_search" if greedy search
+      is used, or it may be "beam_7" if beam size of 7 is used.
+      Its value is a list of tuples. Each tuple contains two elements:
+      The first is the reference transcript, and the second is the
+      predicted result.
+    """
+    device = model.device
+
+    opts = FbankOptions()
+    opts.device = device
+    opts.frame_opts.dither = 0
+    opts.frame_opts.snip_edges = False
+    opts.frame_opts.samp_freq = 16000
+    opts.mel_opts.num_bins = 80
+
+    log_interval = 100
+
+    decode_results = []
+    # Contain decode streams currently running.
+    decode_streams = []
+    for num, cut in enumerate(cuts):
+        # each utterance has a DecodeStream.
+        initial_states = get_init_states(model=model, batch_size=1, device=device)
+        decode_stream = DecodeStream(
+            params=params,
+            cut_id=cut.id,
+            initial_states=initial_states,
+            decoding_graph=decoding_graph,
+            device=device,
+        )
+
+        audio: np.ndarray = cut.load_audio()
+        # audio.shape: (1, num_samples)
+        assert len(audio.shape) == 2
+        assert audio.shape[0] == 1, "Should be single channel"
+        assert audio.dtype == np.float32, audio.dtype
+
+        # The trained model is using normalized samples
+        # - this is to avoid sending [-32k,+32k] signal in...
+        # - some lhotse AudioTransform classes can make the signal
+        #   be out of range [-1, 1], hence the tolerance 10
+        assert (
+            np.abs(audio).max() <= 10
+        ), "Should be normalized to [-1, 1], 10 for tolerance..."
+
+        samples = torch.from_numpy(audio).squeeze(0)
+
+        fbank = Fbank(opts)
+        feature = fbank(samples.to(device))
+        decode_stream.set_features(feature, tail_pad_len=30)
+        decode_stream.ground_truth = cut.supervisions[0].text
+
+        decode_streams.append(decode_stream)
+
+        while len(decode_streams) >= params.num_decode_streams:
+            finished_streams = decode_one_chunk(
+                params=params, model=model, decode_streams=decode_streams
+            )
+            for i in sorted(finished_streams, reverse=True):
+                decode_results.append(
+                    (
+                        decode_streams[i].id,
+                        decode_streams[i].ground_truth.split(),
+                        sp.decode(decode_streams[i].decoding_result()).split(),
+                    )
+                )
+                del decode_streams[i]
+
+        if num % log_interval == 0:
+            logging.info(f"Cuts processed until now is {num}.")
+
+    # decode final chunks of last sequences
+    while len(decode_streams):
+        finished_streams = decode_one_chunk(
+            params=params, model=model, decode_streams=decode_streams
+        )
+        for i in sorted(finished_streams, reverse=True):
+            decode_results.append(
+                (
+                    decode_streams[i].id,
+                    decode_streams[i].ground_truth.split(),
+                    sp.decode(decode_streams[i].decoding_result()).split(),
+                )
+            )
+            del decode_streams[i]
+
+    if params.decoding_method == "greedy_search":
+        key = "greedy_search"
+    elif params.decoding_method == "fast_beam_search":
+        key = (
+            f"beam_{params.beam}_"
+            f"max_contexts_{params.max_contexts}_"
+            f"max_states_{params.max_states}"
+        )
+    elif params.decoding_method == "modified_beam_search":
+        key = f"num_active_paths_{params.num_active_paths}"
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported decoding method: {params.decoding_method}")
+    return {key: decode_results}
+
+
+def save_results(
+    params: AttributeDict,
+    test_set_name: str,
+    results_dict: Dict[str, List[Tuple[List[str], List[str]]]],
+):
+    test_set_wers = dict()
+    for key, results in results_dict.items():
+        recog_path = (
+            params.res_dir / f"recogs-{test_set_name}-{key}-{params.suffix}.txt"
+        )
+        results = sorted(results)
+        store_transcripts(filename=recog_path, texts=results)
+        logging.info(f"The transcripts are stored in {recog_path}")
+
+        # The following prints out WERs, per-word error statistics and aligned
+        # ref/hyp pairs.
+        errs_filename = (
+            params.res_dir / f"errs-{test_set_name}-{key}-{params.suffix}.txt"
+        )
+        with open(errs_filename, "w") as f:
+            wer = write_error_stats(
+                f, f"{test_set_name}-{key}", results, enable_log=True
+            )
+            test_set_wers[key] = wer
+
+        logging.info("Wrote detailed error stats to {}".format(errs_filename))
+
+    test_set_wers = sorted(test_set_wers.items(), key=lambda x: x[1])
+    errs_info = (
+        params.res_dir / f"wer-summary-{test_set_name}-{key}-{params.suffix}.txt"
+    )
+    with open(errs_info, "w") as f:
+        print("settings\tWER", file=f)
+        for key, val in test_set_wers:
+            print("{}\t{}".format(key, val), file=f)
+
+    s = "\nFor {}, WER of different settings are:\n".format(test_set_name)
+    note = "\tbest for {}".format(test_set_name)
+    for key, val in test_set_wers:
+        s += "{}\t{}{}\n".format(key, val, note)
+        note = ""
+    logging.info(s)
+
+
+@torch.no_grad()
+def main():
+    parser = get_parser()
+    CommonVoiceAsrDataModule.add_arguments(parser)
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    args.exp_dir = Path(args.exp_dir)
+
+    params = get_params()
+    params.update(vars(args))
+
+    params.res_dir = params.exp_dir / "streaming" / params.decoding_method
+
+    if params.iter > 0:
+        params.suffix = f"iter-{params.iter}-avg-{params.avg}"
+    else:
+        params.suffix = f"epoch-{params.epoch}-avg-{params.avg}"
+
+    assert params.causal, params.causal
+    assert "," not in params.chunk_size, "chunk_size should be one value in decoding."
+    assert (
+        "," not in params.left_context_frames
+    ), "left_context_frames should be one value in decoding."
+    params.suffix += f"-chunk-{params.chunk_size}"
+    params.suffix += f"-left-context-{params.left_context_frames}"
+
+    # for fast_beam_search
+    if params.decoding_method == "fast_beam_search":
+        params.suffix += f"-beam-{params.beam}"
+        params.suffix += f"-max-contexts-{params.max_contexts}"
+        params.suffix += f"-max-states-{params.max_states}"
+
+    if params.use_averaged_model:
+        params.suffix += "-use-averaged-model"
+
+    setup_logger(f"{params.res_dir}/log-decode-{params.suffix}")
+    logging.info("Decoding started")
+
+    device = torch.device("cpu")
+    if torch.cuda.is_available():
+        device = torch.device("cuda", 0)
+
+    logging.info(f"Device: {device}")
+
+    sp = spm.SentencePieceProcessor()
+    sp.load(params.bpe_model)
+
+    # <blk> and <unk> is defined in local/train_bpe_model.py
+    params.blank_id = sp.piece_to_id("<blk>")
+    params.unk_id = sp.piece_to_id("<unk>")
+    params.vocab_size = sp.get_piece_size()
+
+    logging.info(params)
+
+    logging.info("About to create model")
+    model = get_model(params)
+
+    if not params.use_averaged_model:
+        if params.iter > 0:
+            filenames = find_checkpoints(params.exp_dir, iteration=-params.iter)[
+                : params.avg
+            ]
+            if len(filenames) == 0:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"No checkpoints found for"
+                    f" --iter {params.iter}, --avg {params.avg}"
+                )
+            elif len(filenames) < params.avg:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Not enough checkpoints ({len(filenames)}) found for"
+                    f" --iter {params.iter}, --avg {params.avg}"
+                )
+            logging.info(f"averaging {filenames}")
+            model.to(device)
+            model.load_state_dict(average_checkpoints(filenames, device=device))
+        elif params.avg == 1:
+            load_checkpoint(f"{params.exp_dir}/epoch-{params.epoch}.pt", model)
+        else:
+            start = params.epoch - params.avg + 1
+            filenames = []
+            for i in range(start, params.epoch + 1):
+                if start >= 0:
+                    filenames.append(f"{params.exp_dir}/epoch-{i}.pt")
+            logging.info(f"averaging {filenames}")
+            model.to(device)
+            model.load_state_dict(average_checkpoints(filenames, device=device))
+    else:
+        if params.iter > 0:
+            filenames = find_checkpoints(params.exp_dir, iteration=-params.iter)[
+                : params.avg + 1
+            ]
+            if len(filenames) == 0:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"No checkpoints found for"
+                    f" --iter {params.iter}, --avg {params.avg}"
+                )
+            elif len(filenames) < params.avg + 1:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Not enough checkpoints ({len(filenames)}) found for"
+                    f" --iter {params.iter}, --avg {params.avg}"
+                )
+            filename_start = filenames[-1]
+            filename_end = filenames[0]
+            logging.info(
+                "Calculating the averaged model over iteration checkpoints"
+                f" from {filename_start} (excluded) to {filename_end}"
+            )
+            model.to(device)
+            model.load_state_dict(
+                average_checkpoints_with_averaged_model(
+                    filename_start=filename_start,
+                    filename_end=filename_end,
+                    device=device,
+                )
+            )
+        else:
+            assert params.avg > 0, params.avg
+            start = params.epoch - params.avg
+            assert start >= 1, start
+            filename_start = f"{params.exp_dir}/epoch-{start}.pt"
+            filename_end = f"{params.exp_dir}/epoch-{params.epoch}.pt"
+            logging.info(
+                f"Calculating the averaged model over epoch range from "
+                f"{start} (excluded) to {params.epoch}"
+            )
+            model.to(device)
+            model.load_state_dict(
+                average_checkpoints_with_averaged_model(
+                    filename_start=filename_start,
+                    filename_end=filename_end,
+                    device=device,
+                )
+            )
+
+    model.to(device)
+    model.eval()
+    model.device = device
+
+    decoding_graph = None
+    if params.decoding_method == "fast_beam_search":
+        decoding_graph = k2.trivial_graph(params.vocab_size - 1, device=device)
+
+    num_param = sum([p.numel() for p in model.parameters()])
+    logging.info(f"Number of model parameters: {num_param}")
+
+    commonvoice = CommonVoiceAsrDataModule(args)
+
+    test_cuts = commonvoice.test_cuts()
+    dev_cuts = commonvoice.dev_cuts()
+
+    test_sets = ["test", "dev"]
+    test_cuts = [test_cuts, dev_cuts]
+
+    for test_set, test_cut in zip(test_sets, test_cuts):
+        results_dict = decode_dataset(
+            cuts=test_cut,
+            params=params,
+            model=model,
+            sp=sp,
+            decoding_graph=decoding_graph,
+        )
+
+        save_results(
+            params=params,
+            test_set_name=test_set,
+            results_dict=results_dict,
+        )
+
+    logging.info("Done!")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/streaming_decode_char.py

@@ -0,0 +1,861 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# Copyright 2022-2024 Xiaomi Corporation (Authors: Wei Kang,
+#                                                  Fangjun Kuang,
+#                                                  Zengwei Yao,
+#                                                  Zengrui Jin)
+#
+# See ../../../../LICENSE for clarification regarding multiple authors
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+"""
+Usage:
+./zipformer/streaming_decode.py \
+  --epoch 28 \
+  --avg 15 \
+  --causal 1 \
+  --chunk-size 32 \
+  --left-context-frames 256 \
+  --exp-dir ./zipformer/exp \
+  --decoding-method greedy_search \
+  --num-decode-streams 2000
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import logging
+import math
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Tuple
+
+import k2
+import numpy as np
+import torch
+from asr_datamodule import CommonVoiceAsrDataModule
+from decode_stream import DecodeStream
+from kaldifeat import Fbank, FbankOptions
+from lhotse import CutSet
+from streaming_beam_search import (
+    fast_beam_search_one_best,
+    greedy_search,
+    modified_beam_search,
+)
+from torch import Tensor, nn
+from torch.nn.utils.rnn import pad_sequence
+from train import add_model_arguments, get_model, get_params
+
+from icefall.checkpoint import (
+    average_checkpoints,
+    average_checkpoints_with_averaged_model,
+    find_checkpoints,
+    load_checkpoint,
+)
+from icefall.lexicon import Lexicon
+from icefall.utils import (
+    AttributeDict,
+    make_pad_mask,
+    setup_logger,
+    store_transcripts,
+    str2bool,
+    write_error_stats,
+)
+
+LOG_EPS = math.log(1e-10)
+
+
+def get_parser():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
+        formatter_class=argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--epoch",
+        type=int,
+        default=28,
+        help="""It specifies the checkpoint to use for decoding.
+        Note: Epoch counts from 1.
+        You can specify --avg to use more checkpoints for model averaging.""",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--iter",
+        type=int,
+        default=0,
+        help="""If positive, --epoch is ignored and it
+        will use the checkpoint exp_dir/checkpoint-iter.pt.
+        You can specify --avg to use more checkpoints for model averaging.
+        """,
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--avg",
+        type=int,
+        default=15,
+        help="Number of checkpoints to average. Automatically select "
+        "consecutive checkpoints before the checkpoint specified by "
+        "'--epoch' and '--iter'",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--use-averaged-model",
+        type=str2bool,
+        default=True,
+        help="Whether to load averaged model. Currently it only supports "
+        "using --epoch. If True, it would decode with the averaged model "
+        "over the epoch range from `epoch-avg` (excluded) to `epoch`."
+        "Actually only the models with epoch number of `epoch-avg` and "
+        "`epoch` are loaded for averaging. ",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--exp-dir",
+        type=str,
+        default="zipformer/exp",
+        help="The experiment dir",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--lang-dir",
+        type=str,
+        default="data/zh-HK/lang_char",
+        help="Path to the lang dir(containing lexicon, tokens, etc.)",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--decoding-method",
+        type=str,
+        default="greedy_search",
+        help="""Supported decoding methods are:
+        greedy_search
+        modified_beam_search
+        fast_beam_search
+        """,
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--num_active_paths",
+        type=int,
+        default=4,
+        help="""An interger indicating how many candidates we will keep for each
+        frame. Used only when --decoding-method is modified_beam_search.""",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--beam",
+        type=float,
+        default=4,
+        help="""A floating point value to calculate the cutoff score during beam
+        search (i.e., `cutoff = max-score - beam`), which is the same as the
+        `beam` in Kaldi.
+        Used only when --decoding-method is fast_beam_search""",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--max-contexts",
+        type=int,
+        default=4,
+        help="""Used only when --decoding-method is
+        fast_beam_search""",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--max-states",
+        type=int,
+        default=32,
+        help="""Used only when --decoding-method is
+        fast_beam_search""",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--context-size",
+        type=int,
+        default=2,
+        help="The context size in the decoder. 1 means bigram; 2 means tri-gram",
+    )
+
+    parser.add_argument(
+        "--num-decode-streams",
+        type=int,
+        default=2000,
+        help="The number of streams that can be decoded parallel.",
+    )
+
+    add_model_arguments(parser)
+
+    return parser
+
+
+def get_init_states(
+    model: nn.Module,
+    batch_size: int = 1,
+    device: torch.device = torch.device("cpu"),
+) -> List[torch.Tensor]:
+    """
+    Returns a list of cached tensors of all encoder layers. For layer-i, states[i*6:(i+1)*6]
+    is (cached_key, cached_nonlin_attn, cached_val1, cached_val2, cached_conv1, cached_conv2).
+    states[-2] is the cached left padding for ConvNeXt module,
+    of shape (batch_size, num_channels, left_pad, num_freqs)
+    states[-1] is processed_lens of shape (batch,), which records the number
+    of processed frames (at 50hz frame rate, after encoder_embed) for each sample in batch.
+    """
+    states = model.encoder.get_init_states(batch_size, device)
+
+    embed_states = model.encoder_embed.get_init_states(batch_size, device)
+    states.append(embed_states)
+
+    processed_lens = torch.zeros(batch_size, dtype=torch.int32, device=device)
+    states.append(processed_lens)
+
+    return states
+
+
+def stack_states(state_list: List[List[torch.Tensor]]) -> List[torch.Tensor]:
+    """Stack list of zipformer states that correspond to separate utterances
+    into a single emformer state, so that it can be used as an input for
+    zipformer when those utterances are formed into a batch.
+
+    Args:
+      state_list:
+        Each element in state_list corresponding to the internal state
+        of the zipformer model for a single utterance. For element-n,
+        state_list[n] is a list of cached tensors of all encoder layers. For layer-i,
+        state_list[n][i*6:(i+1)*6] is (cached_key, cached_nonlin_attn, cached_val1,
+        cached_val2, cached_conv1, cached_conv2).
+        state_list[n][-2] is the cached left padding for ConvNeXt module,
+          of shape (batch_size, num_channels, left_pad, num_freqs)
+        state_list[n][-1] is processed_lens of shape (batch,), which records the number
+        of processed frames (at 50hz frame rate, after encoder_embed) for each sample in batch.
+
+    Note:
+      It is the inverse of :func:`unstack_states`.
+    """
+    batch_size = len(state_list)
+    assert (len(state_list[0]) - 2) % 6 == 0, len(state_list[0])
+    tot_num_layers = (len(state_list[0]) - 2) // 6
+
+    batch_states = []
+    for layer in range(tot_num_layers):
+        layer_offset = layer * 6
+        # cached_key: (left_context_len, batch_size, key_dim)
+        cached_key = torch.cat(
+            [state_list[i][layer_offset] for i in range(batch_size)], dim=1
+        )
+        # cached_nonlin_attn: (num_heads, batch_size, left_context_len, head_dim)
+        cached_nonlin_attn = torch.cat(
+            [state_list[i][layer_offset + 1] for i in range(batch_size)], dim=1
+        )
+        # cached_val1: (left_context_len, batch_size, value_dim)
+        cached_val1 = torch.cat(
+            [state_list[i][layer_offset + 2] for i in range(batch_size)], dim=1
+        )
+        # cached_val2: (left_context_len, batch_size, value_dim)
+        cached_val2 = torch.cat(
+            [state_list[i][layer_offset + 3] for i in range(batch_size)], dim=1
+        )
+        # cached_conv1: (#batch, channels, left_pad)
+        cached_conv1 = torch.cat(
+            [state_list[i][layer_offset + 4] for i in range(batch_size)], dim=0
+        )
+        # cached_conv2: (#batch, channels, left_pad)
+        cached_conv2 = torch.cat(
+            [state_list[i][layer_offset + 5] for i in range(batch_size)], dim=0
+        )
+        batch_states += [
+            cached_key,
+            cached_nonlin_attn,
+            cached_val1,
+            cached_val2,
+            cached_conv1,
+            cached_conv2,
+        ]
+
+    cached_embed_left_pad = torch.cat(
+        [state_list[i][-2] for i in range(batch_size)], dim=0
+    )
+    batch_states.append(cached_embed_left_pad)
+
+    processed_lens = torch.cat([state_list[i][-1] for i in range(batch_size)], dim=0)
+    batch_states.append(processed_lens)
+
+    return batch_states
+
+
+def unstack_states(batch_states: List[Tensor]) -> List[List[Tensor]]:
+    """Unstack the zipformer state corresponding to a batch of utterances
+    into a list of states, where the i-th entry is the state from the i-th
+    utterance in the batch.
+
+    Note:
+      It is the inverse of :func:`stack_states`.
+
+    Args:
+        batch_states: A list of cached tensors of all encoder layers. For layer-i,
+          states[i*6:(i+1)*6] is (cached_key, cached_nonlin_attn, cached_val1, cached_val2,
+          cached_conv1, cached_conv2).
+          state_list[-2] is the cached left padding for ConvNeXt module,
+          of shape (batch_size, num_channels, left_pad, num_freqs)
+          states[-1] is processed_lens of shape (batch,), which records the number
+          of processed frames (at 50hz frame rate, after encoder_embed) for each sample in batch.
+
+    Returns:
+        state_list: A list of list. Each element in state_list corresponding to the internal state
+        of the zipformer model for a single utterance.
+    """
+    assert (len(batch_states) - 2) % 6 == 0, len(batch_states)
+    tot_num_layers = (len(batch_states) - 2) // 6
+
+    processed_lens = batch_states[-1]
+    batch_size = processed_lens.shape[0]
+
+    state_list = [[] for _ in range(batch_size)]
+
+    for layer in range(tot_num_layers):
+        layer_offset = layer * 6
+        # cached_key: (left_context_len, batch_size, key_dim)
+        cached_key_list = batch_states[layer_offset].chunk(chunks=batch_size, dim=1)
+        # cached_nonlin_attn: (num_heads, batch_size, left_context_len, head_dim)
+        cached_nonlin_attn_list = batch_states[layer_offset + 1].chunk(
+            chunks=batch_size, dim=1
+        )
+        # cached_val1: (left_context_len, batch_size, value_dim)
+        cached_val1_list = batch_states[layer_offset + 2].chunk(
+            chunks=batch_size, dim=1
+        )
+        # cached_val2: (left_context_len, batch_size, value_dim)
+        cached_val2_list = batch_states[layer_offset + 3].chunk(
+            chunks=batch_size, dim=1
+        )
+        # cached_conv1: (#batch, channels, left_pad)
+        cached_conv1_list = batch_states[layer_offset + 4].chunk(
+            chunks=batch_size, dim=0
+        )
+        # cached_conv2: (#batch, channels, left_pad)
+        cached_conv2_list = batch_states[layer_offset + 5].chunk(
+            chunks=batch_size, dim=0
+        )
+        for i in range(batch_size):
+            state_list[i] += [
+                cached_key_list[i],
+                cached_nonlin_attn_list[i],
+                cached_val1_list[i],
+                cached_val2_list[i],
+                cached_conv1_list[i],
+                cached_conv2_list[i],
+            ]
+
+    cached_embed_left_pad_list = batch_states[-2].chunk(chunks=batch_size, dim=0)
+    for i in range(batch_size):
+        state_list[i].append(cached_embed_left_pad_list[i])
+
+    processed_lens_list = batch_states[-1].chunk(chunks=batch_size, dim=0)
+    for i in range(batch_size):
+        state_list[i].append(processed_lens_list[i])
+
+    return state_list
+
+
+def streaming_forward(
+    features: Tensor,
+    feature_lens: Tensor,
+    model: nn.Module,
+    states: List[Tensor],
+    chunk_size: int,
+    left_context_len: int,
+) -> Tuple[Tensor, Tensor, List[Tensor]]:
+    """
+    Returns encoder outputs, output lengths, and updated states.
+    """
+    cached_embed_left_pad = states[-2]
+    (x, x_lens, new_cached_embed_left_pad) = model.encoder_embed.streaming_forward(
+        x=features,
+        x_lens=feature_lens,
+        cached_left_pad=cached_embed_left_pad,
+    )
+    assert x.size(1) == chunk_size, (x.size(1), chunk_size)
+
+    src_key_padding_mask = make_pad_mask(x_lens)
+
+    # processed_mask is used to mask out initial states
+    processed_mask = torch.arange(left_context_len, device=x.device).expand(
+        x.size(0), left_context_len
+    )
+    processed_lens = states[-1]  # (batch,)
+    # (batch, left_context_size)
+    processed_mask = (processed_lens.unsqueeze(1) <= processed_mask).flip(1)
+    # Update processed lengths
+    new_processed_lens = processed_lens + x_lens
+
+    # (batch, left_context_size + chunk_size)
+    src_key_padding_mask = torch.cat([processed_mask, src_key_padding_mask], dim=1)
+
+    x = x.permute(1, 0, 2)  # (N, T, C) -> (T, N, C)
+    encoder_states = states[:-2]
+    (
+        encoder_out,
+        encoder_out_lens,
+        new_encoder_states,
+    ) = model.encoder.streaming_forward(
+        x=x,
+        x_lens=x_lens,
+        states=encoder_states,
+        src_key_padding_mask=src_key_padding_mask,
+    )
+    encoder_out = encoder_out.permute(1, 0, 2)  # (T, N, C) ->(N, T, C)
+
+    new_states = new_encoder_states + [
+        new_cached_embed_left_pad,
+        new_processed_lens,
+    ]
+    return encoder_out, encoder_out_lens, new_states
+
+
+def decode_one_chunk(
+    params: AttributeDict,
+    model: nn.Module,
+    decode_streams: List[DecodeStream],
+) -> List[int]:
+    """Decode one chunk frames of features for each decode_streams and
+    return the indexes of finished streams in a List.
+
+    Args:
+      params:
+        It's the return value of :func:`get_params`.
+      model:
+        The neural model.
+      decode_streams:
+        A List of DecodeStream, each belonging to a utterance.
+    Returns:
+      Return a List containing which DecodeStreams are finished.
+    """
+    device = model.device
+    chunk_size = int(params.chunk_size)
+    left_context_len = int(params.left_context_frames)
+
+    features = []
+    feature_lens = []
+    states = []
+    processed_lens = []  # Used in fast-beam-search
+
+    for stream in decode_streams:
+        feat, feat_len = stream.get_feature_frames(chunk_size * 2)
+        features.append(feat)
+        feature_lens.append(feat_len)
+        states.append(stream.states)
+        processed_lens.append(stream.done_frames)
+
+    feature_lens = torch.tensor(feature_lens, device=device)
+    features = pad_sequence(features, batch_first=True, padding_value=LOG_EPS)
+
+    # Make sure the length after encoder_embed is at least 1.
+    # The encoder_embed subsample features (T - 7) // 2
+    # The ConvNeXt module needs (7 - 1) // 2 = 3 frames of right padding after subsampling
+    tail_length = chunk_size * 2 + 7 + 2 * 3
+    if features.size(1) < tail_length:
+        pad_length = tail_length - features.size(1)
+        feature_lens += pad_length
+        features = torch.nn.functional.pad(
+            features,
+            (0, 0, 0, pad_length),
+            mode="constant",
+            value=LOG_EPS,
+        )
+
+    states = stack_states(states)
+
+    encoder_out, encoder_out_lens, new_states = streaming_forward(
+        features=features,
+        feature_lens=feature_lens,
+        model=model,
+        states=states,
+        chunk_size=chunk_size,
+        left_context_len=left_context_len,
+    )
+
+    encoder_out = model.joiner.encoder_proj(encoder_out)
+
+    if params.decoding_method == "greedy_search":
+        greedy_search(model=model, encoder_out=encoder_out, streams=decode_streams)
+    elif params.decoding_method == "fast_beam_search":
+        processed_lens = torch.tensor(processed_lens, device=device)
+        processed_lens = processed_lens + encoder_out_lens
+        fast_beam_search_one_best(
+            model=model,
+            encoder_out=encoder_out,
+            processed_lens=processed_lens,
+            streams=decode_streams,
+            beam=params.beam,
+            max_states=params.max_states,
+            max_contexts=params.max_contexts,
+        )
+    elif params.decoding_method == "modified_beam_search":
+        modified_beam_search(
+            model=model,
+            streams=decode_streams,
+            encoder_out=encoder_out,
+            num_active_paths=params.num_active_paths,
+        )
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported decoding method: {params.decoding_method}")
+
+    states = unstack_states(new_states)
+
+    finished_streams = []
+    for i in range(len(decode_streams)):
+        decode_streams[i].states = states[i]
+        decode_streams[i].done_frames += encoder_out_lens[i]
+        if decode_streams[i].done:
+            finished_streams.append(i)
+
+    return finished_streams
+
+
+def decode_dataset(
+    cuts: CutSet,
+    params: AttributeDict,
+    model: nn.Module,
+    lexicon: Lexicon,
+    decoding_graph: Optional[k2.Fsa] = None,
+) -> Dict[str, List[Tuple[List[str], List[str]]]]:
+    """Decode dataset.
+
+    Args:
+      cuts:
+        Lhotse Cutset containing the dataset to decode.
+      params:
+        It is returned by :func:`get_params`.
+      model:
+        The neural model.
+      sp:
+        The BPE model.
+      decoding_graph:
+        The decoding graph. Can be either a `k2.trivial_graph` or HLG, Used
+        only when --decoding_method is fast_beam_search.
+    Returns:
+      Return a dict, whose key may be "greedy_search" if greedy search
+      is used, or it may be "beam_7" if beam size of 7 is used.
+      Its value is a list of tuples. Each tuple contains two elements:
+      The first is the reference transcript, and the second is the
+      predicted result.
+    """
+    device = model.device
+
+    opts = FbankOptions()
+    opts.device = device
+    opts.frame_opts.dither = 0
+    opts.frame_opts.snip_edges = False
+    opts.frame_opts.samp_freq = 16000
+    opts.mel_opts.num_bins = 80
+
+    log_interval = 100
+
+    decode_results = []
+    # Contain decode streams currently running.
+    decode_streams = []
+    for num, cut in enumerate(cuts):
+        # each utterance has a DecodeStream.
+        initial_states = get_init_states(model=model, batch_size=1, device=device)
+        decode_stream = DecodeStream(
+            params=params,
+            cut_id=cut.id,
+            initial_states=initial_states,
+            decoding_graph=decoding_graph,
+            device=device,
+        )
+
+        audio: np.ndarray = cut.load_audio()
+        # audio.shape: (1, num_samples)
+        assert len(audio.shape) == 2
+        assert audio.shape[0] == 1, "Should be single channel"
+        assert audio.dtype == np.float32, audio.dtype
+
+        # The trained model is using normalized samples
+        # - this is to avoid sending [-32k,+32k] signal in...
+        # - some lhotse AudioTransform classes can make the signal
+        #   be out of range [-1, 1], hence the tolerance 10
+        assert (
+            np.abs(audio).max() <= 10
+        ), "Should be normalized to [-1, 1], 10 for tolerance..."
+
+        samples = torch.from_numpy(audio).squeeze(0)
+
+        fbank = Fbank(opts)
+        feature = fbank(samples.to(device))
+        decode_stream.set_features(feature, tail_pad_len=30)
+        decode_stream.ground_truth = cut.supervisions[0].text
+
+        decode_streams.append(decode_stream)
+
+        while len(decode_streams) >= params.num_decode_streams:
+            finished_streams = decode_one_chunk(
+                params=params, model=model, decode_streams=decode_streams
+            )
+            for i in sorted(finished_streams, reverse=True):
+                decode_results.append(
+                    (
+                        decode_streams[i].id,
+                        decode_streams[i].ground_truth.split(),
+                        [
+                            lexicon.token_table[idx]
+                            for idx in decode_streams[i].decoding_result()
+                        ],
+                    )
+                )
+                del decode_streams[i]
+
+        if num % log_interval == 0:
+            logging.info(f"Cuts processed until now is {num}.")
+
+    # decode final chunks of last sequences
+    while len(decode_streams):
+        finished_streams = decode_one_chunk(
+            params=params, model=model, decode_streams=decode_streams
+        )
+        for i in sorted(finished_streams, reverse=True):
+            decode_results.append(
+                (
+                    decode_streams[i].id,
+                    decode_streams[i].ground_truth.split(),
+                    [
+                        lexicon.token_table[idx]
+                        for idx in decode_streams[i].decoding_result()
+                    ],
+                )
+            )
+            del decode_streams[i]
+
+    if params.decoding_method == "greedy_search":
+        key = "greedy_search"
+    elif params.decoding_method == "fast_beam_search":
+        key = (
+            f"beam_{params.beam}_"
+            f"max_contexts_{params.max_contexts}_"
+            f"max_states_{params.max_states}"
+        )
+    elif params.decoding_method == "modified_beam_search":
+        key = f"num_active_paths_{params.num_active_paths}"
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(f"Unsupported decoding method: {params.decoding_method}")
+    return {key: decode_results}
+
+
+def save_results(
+    params: AttributeDict,
+    test_set_name: str,
+    results_dict: Dict[str, List[Tuple[List[str], List[str]]]],
+):
+    test_set_wers = dict()
+    for key, results in results_dict.items():
+        recog_path = (
+            params.res_dir / f"recogs-{test_set_name}-{key}-{params.suffix}.txt"
+        )
+        results = sorted(results)
+        store_transcripts(filename=recog_path, texts=results)
+        logging.info(f"The transcripts are stored in {recog_path}")
+
+        # The following prints out WERs, per-word error statistics and aligned
+        # ref/hyp pairs.
+        errs_filename = (
+            params.res_dir / f"errs-{test_set_name}-{key}-{params.suffix}.txt"
+        )
+        with open(errs_filename, "w") as f:
+            wer = write_error_stats(
+                f, f"{test_set_name}-{key}", results, enable_log=True
+            )
+            test_set_wers[key] = wer
+
+        logging.info("Wrote detailed error stats to {}".format(errs_filename))
+
+    test_set_wers = sorted(test_set_wers.items(), key=lambda x: x[1])
+    errs_info = (
+        params.res_dir / f"wer-summary-{test_set_name}-{key}-{params.suffix}.txt"
+    )
+    with open(errs_info, "w") as f:
+        print("settings\tWER", file=f)
+        for key, val in test_set_wers:
+            print("{}\t{}".format(key, val), file=f)
+
+    s = "\nFor {}, WER of different settings are:\n".format(test_set_name)
+    note = "\tbest for {}".format(test_set_name)
+    for key, val in test_set_wers:
+        s += "{}\t{}{}\n".format(key, val, note)
+        note = ""
+    logging.info(s)
+
+
+@torch.no_grad()
+def main():
+    parser = get_parser()
+    CommonVoiceAsrDataModule.add_arguments(parser)
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    args.exp_dir = Path(args.exp_dir)
+
+    params = get_params()
+    params.update(vars(args))
+
+    params.res_dir = params.exp_dir / "streaming" / params.decoding_method
+
+    if params.iter > 0:
+        params.suffix = f"iter-{params.iter}-avg-{params.avg}"
+    else:
+        params.suffix = f"epoch-{params.epoch}-avg-{params.avg}"
+
+    assert params.causal, params.causal
+    assert "," not in params.chunk_size, "chunk_size should be one value in decoding."
+    assert (
+        "," not in params.left_context_frames
+    ), "left_context_frames should be one value in decoding."
+    params.suffix += f"-chunk-{params.chunk_size}"
+    params.suffix += f"-left-context-{params.left_context_frames}"
+
+    # for fast_beam_search
+    if params.decoding_method == "fast_beam_search":
+        params.suffix += f"-beam-{params.beam}"
+        params.suffix += f"-max-contexts-{params.max_contexts}"
+        params.suffix += f"-max-states-{params.max_states}"
+
+    if params.use_averaged_model:
+        params.suffix += "-use-averaged-model"
+
+    setup_logger(f"{params.res_dir}/log-decode-{params.suffix}")
+    logging.info("Decoding started")
+
+    device = torch.device("cpu")
+    if torch.cuda.is_available():
+        device = torch.device("cuda", 0)
+
+    logging.info(f"Device: {device}")
+
+    lexicon = Lexicon(params.lang_dir)
+    params.blank_id = lexicon.token_table["<blk>"]
+    params.vocab_size = max(lexicon.tokens) + 1
+
+    logging.info(params)
+
+    logging.info("About to create model")
+    model = get_model(params)
+
+    if not params.use_averaged_model:
+        if params.iter > 0:
+            filenames = find_checkpoints(params.exp_dir, iteration=-params.iter)[
+                : params.avg
+            ]
+            if len(filenames) == 0:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"No checkpoints found for"
+                    f" --iter {params.iter}, --avg {params.avg}"
+                )
+            elif len(filenames) < params.avg:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Not enough checkpoints ({len(filenames)}) found for"
+                    f" --iter {params.iter}, --avg {params.avg}"
+                )
+            logging.info(f"averaging {filenames}")
+            model.to(device)
+            model.load_state_dict(average_checkpoints(filenames, device=device))
+        elif params.avg == 1:
+            load_checkpoint(f"{params.exp_dir}/epoch-{params.epoch}.pt", model)
+        else:
+            start = params.epoch - params.avg + 1
+            filenames = []
+            for i in range(start, params.epoch + 1):
+                if start >= 0:
+                    filenames.append(f"{params.exp_dir}/epoch-{i}.pt")
+            logging.info(f"averaging {filenames}")
+            model.to(device)
+            model.load_state_dict(average_checkpoints(filenames, device=device))
+    else:
+        if params.iter > 0:
+            filenames = find_checkpoints(params.exp_dir, iteration=-params.iter)[
+                : params.avg + 1
+            ]
+            if len(filenames) == 0:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"No checkpoints found for"
+                    f" --iter {params.iter}, --avg {params.avg}"
+                )
+            elif len(filenames) < params.avg + 1:
+                raise ValueError(
+                    f"Not enough checkpoints ({len(filenames)}) found for"
+                    f" --iter {params.iter}, --avg {params.avg}"
+                )
+            filename_start = filenames[-1]
+            filename_end = filenames[0]
+            logging.info(
+                "Calculating the averaged model over iteration checkpoints"
+                f" from {filename_start} (excluded) to {filename_end}"
+            )
+            model.to(device)
+            model.load_state_dict(
+                average_checkpoints_with_averaged_model(
+                    filename_start=filename_start,
+                    filename_end=filename_end,
+                    device=device,
+                )
+            )
+        else:
+            assert params.avg > 0, params.avg
+            start = params.epoch - params.avg
+            assert start >= 1, start
+            filename_start = f"{params.exp_dir}/epoch-{start}.pt"
+            filename_end = f"{params.exp_dir}/epoch-{params.epoch}.pt"
+            logging.info(
+                f"Calculating the averaged model over epoch range from "
+                f"{start} (excluded) to {params.epoch}"
+            )
+            model.to(device)
+            model.load_state_dict(
+                average_checkpoints_with_averaged_model(
+                    filename_start=filename_start,
+                    filename_end=filename_end,
+                    device=device,
+                )
+            )
+
+    model.to(device)
+    model.eval()
+    model.device = device
+
+    decoding_graph = None
+    if params.decoding_method == "fast_beam_search":
+        decoding_graph = k2.trivial_graph(params.vocab_size - 1, device=device)
+
+    num_param = sum([p.numel() for p in model.parameters()])
+    logging.info(f"Number of model parameters: {num_param}")
+
+    commonvoice = CommonVoiceAsrDataModule(args)
+
+    test_cuts = commonvoice.test_cuts()
+    dev_cuts = commonvoice.dev_cuts()
+
+    test_sets = ["test", "dev"]
+    test_cuts = [test_cuts, dev_cuts]
+
+    for test_set, test_cut in zip(test_sets, test_cuts):
+        results_dict = decode_dataset(
+            cuts=test_cut,
+            params=params,
+            model=model,
+            lexicon=lexicon,
+            decoding_graph=decoding_graph,
+        )
+
+        save_results(
+            params=params,
+            test_set_name=test_set,
+            results_dict=results_dict,
+        )
+
+    logging.info("Done!")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/subsampling.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/subsampling.py

egs/commonvoice/ASR/zipformer/zipformer.py

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../../../librispeech/ASR/zipformer/zipformer.py